SynthesisBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
The effectiveness of the laid-back position on lactation-related nipple problems and comfort: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Impact of Comprehensive Breastfeeding Support Strategies on Exclusive Breastfeeding Rates at Discharge in a Neonatal Unit.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- The effect of breast massage combined with co-parenting interventions on breastfeeding in mother-infant separated mothers: a quasi-experimental study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Exclusive breastfeeding: Facilitators and barriers from the maternal perspective.European journal of midwifery · 2026Article
- An overview of reviews of breastfeeding barriers and facilitators: Analyzing global research trends and hotspots.Global epidemiology · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of moisturising therapy in treating nipple trauma: a systematic review protocol.BMJ open · 2024Article
- The influence of breastfeeding factors on the prevalence of back and neck pain: data from an online survey.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Laid-back breastfeeding: knowledge, attitudes and practices of midwives and student midwives in Ireland.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Article
- Impact of maternal posture on fetal physiology in human pregnancy: a narrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Review
- A brief gestalt intervention changes ultrasound measures of tongue movement during breastfeeding: case series.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Article
- Prevalence of breastfeeding in a baby-friendly pediatric practice in Trieste, Italy: follow up to 36 months of age.International breastfeeding journal · 2021Article
- Comparison of L-Shape and Side-Lying Positions on Breastfeeding Outcomes among Mothers Delivered by Cesarean Section: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of caring sciences · 2021Article
- Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of nipple and breast candidiasis: A review of the relationship between diagnoses of mammary candidiasis andWomen's health (London, England)Review
- Re-thinking benign inflammation of the lactating breast: Classification, prevention, and management.Women's health (London, England)Article
- Re-thinking lactation-related nipple pain and damage.Women's health (London, England)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe importance of breastfeeding for maternal and child health is agreed upon worldwide. However, lactation-related nipple problems are common and are important factors affecting breastfeeding. Multiple studies recommended laid-back breastfeeding, but they are of various levels of quality, and the results are inconclusive.
methodsWe systematically searched the following twelve databases from inception to January 28,2020: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Medline, Ovid, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), WanFang, and VIP. All studies regarding laid-back breastfeeding or biological nurturing were considered, regardless of whether they were randomized controlled trials. Two trained investigators independently evaluated the quality of the selected articles and screened the data. All the data were analysed separately using Review Manager Version 5.3 and STATA/SE Version 15.1.
resultsA total of 12 studies involving 1936 groups of postpartum women and their newborns were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that nipple pain (RR = 0.24; 95% CI 0.14, 0.40; p < 0.00001), nipple trauma (RR = 0.47; 95% CI 0.29, 0.75; p = 0.002) and correct latching position (RR = 1.22; 95% CI 1.11, 1.33; p < 0.0001) in the experimental groups were all better than those of the control groups, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05), which indicates that the laid-back position has a positive effect on maternal breastfeeding. However, the results of position comfort showed that there was no statistical significance between the two groups (ES = 0.09; 95% CI -0.63, 0.81; p = 0.798).
conclusionCompared with traditional breastfeeding positions, the laid-back position has been proven to be related to a decreased incidence of nipple pain and nipple trauma and is seemingly conducive to the use of the correct latching position. It is suggested that the laid-back position is helpful in solving lactation-related nipple problems and can be recommended as a position for breastfeeding. However, no significant difference in position comfort was found between the two groups based on the current evidence, and further studies are still needed to validate these results due to the limitations of the included studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.