ArticlePLoS genetics2021
Genome-wide association study of fish oil supplementation on lipid traits in 81,246 individuals reveals new gene-diet interaction loci.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variance-quantitative trait loci enable systematic discovery of gene-environment interactions for cardiometabolic serum biomarkers.Nature communications · 2022Pooled it
- Associations of vegetarianism with circulating lipids across varying genetic capacity: a cross-sectional Polygenic Score-by-Vegetarianism interaction study in UK Biobank.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Gene-diet interactions in cardiovascular disease: insights from nutrigenetics, nutrigenomics, and precision nutrition.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- GWAS and multi-omics integrative analysis reveal novel loci and their molecular mechanisms for circulating fatty acids.HGG advances · 2025Article
- Identification of gene-sex hormone interactions associated with type 2 diabetes among men and women.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- TransferTWAS: A transfer learning framework for cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- A multi-level gene-diet interaction analysis of fish oil and 14 polyunsaturated fatty acid traits identifies the FADS and GPR12 loci.HGG advances · 2025Article
- Refinement of a Published Gene-Physical Activity Interaction Impacting HDL-Cholesterol: Role of Sex and Lipoprotein Subfractions.Genetic epidemiology · 2025Article
- Combined effects of genetic background and diet on mouse metabolism and gene expression.iScience · 2024Article
- Genome-wide association studies and multi-omics integrative analysis reveal novel loci and their molecular mechanisms for circulating polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Fish oil supplementation modifies the associations between genetically predicted and observed concentrations of blood lipids: a cross-sectional gene-diet interaction study in UK Biobank.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Gene-vegetarianism interactions in calcium, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and testosterone identified in genome-wide analysis across 30 biomarkers.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Fish oil supplementation modifies the genetic potential for blood lipids.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Correction: Genome-wide association study of fish oil supplementation on lipid traits in 81,246 individuals reveals new gene-diet interaction loci.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Update of a Genetic Risk Score Predictive of the Plasma Triglyceride Response to an Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in the FAS Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Exploring a novel seven-gene marker and mitochondrial gene TMEM38A for predicting cervical cancer radiotherapy sensitivity using machine learning algorithms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Appraisal of Gene-Environment Interactions in GWAS for Evidence-Based Precision Nutrition Implementation.Current nutrition reports · 2022Review
- Associations between Omega-3 Index, Dopaminergic Genetic Variants and Aggressive and Metacognitive Traits: A Study in Adult Male Prisoners.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fish oil supplementation is widely used for reducing serum triglycerides (TAGs) but has mixed effects on other circulating cardiovascular biomarkers. Many genetic polymorphisms have been associated with blood lipids, including high- and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), total cholesterol, and TAGs. Here, the gene-diet interaction effects of fish oil supplementation on these lipids were analyzed in a discovery cohort of up to 73,962 UK Biobank participants, using a 1-degree-of-freedom (1df) test for interaction effects and a 2-degrees-of-freedom (2df) test to jointly analyze interaction and main effects. Associations with P < 1×10-6 in either test (26,157; 18,300 unique variants) were advanced to replication in up to 7,284 participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Replicated associations reaching 1df P < 0.05 (2,175; 1,763 unique variants) were used in meta-analyses. We found 13 replicated and 159 non-replicated (UK Biobank only) loci with significant 2df joint tests that were predominantly driven by main effects and have been previously reported. Four novel interaction loci were identified with 1df P < 5×10-8 in meta-analysis. The lead variant in the GJB6-GJB2-GJA3 gene cluster, rs112803755 (A>G; minor allele frequency = 0.041), shows exclusively interaction effects. The minor allele is significantly associated with decreased TAGs in individuals with fish oil supplementation, but with increased TAGs in those without supplementation. This locus is significantly associated with higher GJB2 expression of connexin 26 in adipose tissue; connexin activity is known to change upon exposure to omega-3 fatty acids. Significant interaction effects were also found in three other loci in the genes SLC12A3 (HDL-C), ABCA6 (LDL-C), and MLXIPL (LDL-C), but highly significant main effects are also present. Our study identifies novel gene-diet interaction effects for four genetic loci, whose effects on blood lipids are modified by fish oil supplementation. These findings highlight the need and possibility for personalized nutrition.
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Registered trials
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