ReviewMolecular medicine reports2021
A combination of PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors: The prospect of overcoming the weakness of tumor immunotherapy (Review).
Review in Molecular medicine reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Long-Term and Short-Term Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Antitumor activity and structure-activity relationship of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-based dual inhibitors.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Harmonizing yin and yang, remodeling the microenvironment: the adjuvant potential of Chinese herbal medicine in tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Novel PD-L1 Small-Molecule Inhibitors Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Reshaping tumor immune microenvironment and modulating T cell function based on hierarchical nanotherapeutics for synergistically inhibiting osteosarcoma.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Tumor microenvironment and immune-related myositis: addressing muscle wasting in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Article
- Treating ICB-resistant cancer by inhibiting PD-L1 via DHHC3 degradation induced by cell penetrating peptide-induced chimera conjugates.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Expression of IDO1 and PD-L2 in Patients with Benign Lymphadenopathies and Association with Autoimmune Diseases.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- An advanced non-small cell lung cancer patient withAnnals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- VISTA, PDL-L1, andMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Identify the Prognostic and Immune Profile of VSIR in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Pan-Cancer Analysis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- PD-1/L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy in the treatment of sarcomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- The combination therapy of oncolytic HSV-1 armed with anti-PD-1 antibody and IL-12 enhances anti-tumor efficacy.Translational oncology · 2022Article
- Exosomes: Potential Disease Biomarkers and New Therapeutic Targets.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in Tumor Immunotherapy.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein‑1 (PD‑1)/programmed death protein ligand‑1 (PD‑L1) inhibitors for treatment of a various types of cancers have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. However, PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitors are associated with a low response rate and are only effective on a small number of patients with cancer. Development of an anti‑PD‑1/PD‑L1 sensitizer for improving response rate and effectiveness of immunotherapy is a challenge. The present study reviews the synergistic effects of PD‑1/PD‑L1 inhibitor with oncolytic virus, tumor vaccine, molecular targeted drugs, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intestinal flora and traditional Chinese medicine, to provide information for development of effective combination therapies.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.