Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33759206›Full record

ReviewMass spectrometry reviews2022

Mass spectrometry-based tear proteomics for noninvasive biomarker discovery.

Erika Ponzini, Carlo Santambrogio, Antonella De Palma, Pierluigi Mauri, Silvia Tavazzi, Rita Grandori

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Mass spectrometry reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
54citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

54 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  10. Tear fluid database: a reference website for tear fluid proteomics.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2026
    Article
  11. Omics landscapes in molecular mechanisms withFood chemistry. Molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
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  14. Article
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  17. Dried Spot Paradigm: Problems and Prospects in Proteomics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Erika PonziniMaterials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Carlo SantambrogioDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Antonella De PalmaInstitute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate (MI), Italy.
Pierluigi MauriInstitute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate (MI), Italy.
Silvia TavazziMaterials Science Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
Rita GrandoriDepartment of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The lacrimal film has attracted increasing interest in the last decades as a potential source of biomarkers of physiopathological states, due to its accessibility, moderate complexity, and responsiveness to ocular and systemic diseases. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has led to effective approaches to tear proteomics, despite the intrinsic limitations in sample amounts. This review focuses on the recent progress in strategy and technology, with an emphasis on the potential for personalized medicine. After an introduction on lacrimal-film composition, examples of applications to biomarker discovery are discussed, comparing approaches based on pooled-sample and single-tear analysis. Then, the most critical steps of the experimental pipeline, that is, tear collection, sample fractionation, and LC-MS implementation, are discussed with reference to proteome-coverage optimization. Advantages and challenges of the alternative procedures are highlighted. Despite the still limited number of studies, tear quantitative proteomics, including single-tear investigation, could offer unique contributions to the identification of low-invasiveness, sustained-accessibility biomarkers, and to the development of personalized approaches to therapy and diagnosis.

Indexed as

ProteomicsTearsBiomarkersMass SpectrometryProteomeBiomarkersProteomelacrimal filmliquid biopsiesperipheral body fluidspersonalized medicinesingle-tear analysistear collection and fractionation methods

Identifiers

PMID33759206
PMCPMC9543345

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.