ArticleRisk management and healthcare policy2021
Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Female Readymade Garment Workers in Bangladesh: A Comparative Study Between OSH Compliant and Non-Compliant Factories.
Article in Risk management and healthcare policy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlates of Work-Related Disability Among Injured Garment Workers in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Investigation.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Assessment of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Ergonomic Risk Factors Among RMG Workers Using REBA and NMQ: A Public Health Study in Savar and Gazipur, Bangladesh.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- Regional Burden of Spinal Pain in Asia-Pacific Countries and Territories, 1990-2023: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Low back pain among professional bus drivers: a cross-sectional study from Bangladesh.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Low Back Pain in Resident Doctors with Standardized Training in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2023Article
- Individual and Occupational Factors Associated With Low Back Pain: The First-ever Occupational Health Study Among Bangladeshi Online Professionals.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022Article
- Association between Musculoskeletal Pain and Bone Turnover Markers in Long-Term Pb-Exposed Workers.Journal of research in health sciences · 2021Article
- Occupational Health Problems among Workers of Cashew Processing Units in Kollam District, Kerala.Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMusculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are one of the most common occupational diseases responsible for work restriction and absenteeism. The purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of MSDs between ready-made garment (RMG) factories that are compliant versus non-compliant with International Labor Organization (ILO) based Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) standards, and to identify other factors associated with a higher prevalence of MSDs.
methodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 randomly selected female workers (age: >18 years; ≥1 year of work experience) from 12 randomly selected RMG factories in the Dhaka district of Bangladesh from February to December 2019. Factories were stratified as OSH compliant or non-compliant. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consist of socio-demographic, work-related factors, and Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) for MSD assessment. Robust Poisson regression was used to investigate the association of MSDs with OSH compliance, socio-demographic and other work-related factors.
resultsRespondents' mean age was 26.9 ± 5.9 years. A total of 235 (57%) of the workers reported musculoskeletal pain in at least one body part during the last month. Among the nine reported MSDs, the prevalence of lower back pain was highest (41%) followed by pain in the knees (33%). Multivariable analysis showed lower prevalence of any MSD among workers in OSH compliant factories [aPR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.31-0.58], and workers with regular working hours (8 hrs/day) [aPR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62-1.00]. The risk of developing any MSD was significantly higher for age group 25-30 years [aPR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.33] and age group ≥31 years [aPR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.1.39].
conclusionThe study found a high burden of musculoskeletal disorders among female RMG workers, especially those in non-OSH compliant factories that work long hours. Enforcement of minimum ILO-based OSH standards and introduction of low-cost interventions to improve working conditions in non-compliant factories would help sustain the pace of development in this sector in Bangladesh, and ensure the health of the women who work there.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.