ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Prevalence of dry eye syndrome in association with the use of contact lenses in Saudi Arabia.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of dry eye in headache patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Ophthalmic Symptoms Among Adults in King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences: Cross-Sectional Survey.Online journal of public health informatics · 2026Article
- Comfort and Ocular Surface Impact of Verofilcon A Daily Disposable Contact Lenses in Satisfied Senofilcon A Daily Disposable Lens Wearers: A Prospective Non-Interventional Study.Clinical optometry · 2026Article
- A Review of Acupuncture for the Treatment of Dry Eye Syndrome: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Clinical Implications.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Prevalence of dry eye in people over 50 years old in Beichen district, Tianjin city: a cross-sectional population-based survey.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Awareness About Dry Eye Symptoms and Risk Factors Among Eastern Province Population in Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2023Article
- Tear Fluid Biomarkers and Quality of Life in People with Type 2 Diabetes and Dry Eye Disease.Metabolites · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Moxibustion with Walnut Shell Spectacles Could Improve the Objective Symptoms and Tear Film Stability of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Dry Eye Disease Symptoms and Its Association with Daily Beverage Intake Among Adults in Saudi Arabia.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Article
- Effectiveness of 0.15% hylan A eye drops in ameliorating symptoms of severe dry eye patients in Saudi Arabia.Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDry eye disease is a tear film disorder which can cause discomfort to patients and negatively affect vision acuity. A number of risk factors has been reported to affect the incidence and severity of dry eye syndrome (DES). The aim is to study the prevalence of DES in Saudi Arabia and the factors affecting the severity of DES in relation to the use of contact lenses.
methodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted on 310 participants using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire and the eye dryness part from contact lens questionnaire-8 (CLDEQ-8). Dry eye OSDI scores were compared across different epidemiological and risk factors with focus on the use of contact lenses. Pearson and Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the frequency of contact lenses usage in relation to OSDI scores. Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare means of two or more than two groups, respectively.
resultsForty eight (15.5%) of participants did not have any degree of DES, achieving an OSDI score between 0 and 12. Forty participants (12.9%) scored from 13 to 22, (mild DES), 44 (14.2%) were moderate, scoring 23-32 on the OSDI, while those who scored above 33 were 178 (57.4%) had severe DES. The mean score for all participants was 37.8. A high percentage of participants (84.5%) had some degree of DES. There was a strong positive correlation between OSDI score and the frequency of the feeling of dry eye and a moderate positive correlation between OSDI score and the intensity of dryness feeling. Out of 310 participants, 136 (43.9%) indicated using contact lenses. There was no significant association between the use of contact lenses per se and DES, however, those who used contact lenses more frequently had significantly higher OSDI scores.
conclusionsDry eye syndrome is a widespread, underdiagnosed condition in Saudi Arabia. The frequency of contact lenses use may contribute to the incidence of DES.
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