ArticleInternal and emergency medicine2021
Health outcomes in COPD smokers using heated tobacco products: a 3-year follow-up.
Article in Internal and emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improved aerobic capacity in a randomized controlled trial of noncombustible nicotine and tobacco products.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Examining acute psychopharmacological effects of nicotine vaping versus heated tobacco products in a randomised crossover study of product naïve adult smokers.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Comparing the Effectiveness, Tolerability, and Acceptability of Heated Tobacco Products and Refillable Electronic Cigarettes for Cigarette Substitution (CEASEFIRE): Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Trial
- Tobacco smoke but not e-cigarette vapor induces epithelial barrier disruption, inflammation, and DNA damage in human Calu-3 cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Heated tobacco products vs conventional cigarettes: a scoping review of cardiovascular and respiratory clinical outcomes.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Comparison of profiles of biomarkers of potential harm among healthy adults who used heated tobacco products, smoked combustible cigarettes, or who had never smoked: a cross-sectional, observational study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- Heated Tobacco Products: Emerging Health Outcomes and Insights into Oxidative Stress and Pro-Inflammatory-Driving Mechanisms.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparative Effects of Cigarette Smoke and Heated Tobacco Product Aerosols on Biofilm Production by Respiratory Pathogens.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): Implications for the Clinician.Pulmonary therapy · 2025Review
- The Health Effects of Heated Tobacco Product Use-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Smoking Knowledge and Behaviors in a Population of Italian Students in Dental Hygiene or Other Health Disciplines.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessing the Italian version of the respiratory symptom experience scale (IT-RSES) in smokers and former smokers: a validation study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Approaches for cessation and elimination of tobacco to atttain sustainable development goal.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Review
- Evaluation of Morphology and Biochemical Parameters of Young Adults Using Heated Tobacco Products in Poland: A Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Cigarette Smoke and a Heated Tobacco Product on Corneal Oxidative Stress in an Air/Liquid Interface Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Tobacco Use, Risk Perceptions, and Characteristics of Adults Who Used a Heated Tobacco Product (IQOS) in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Article
- Delphi consensus methodology to gauge expert perspectives on smoking prevention, cessation and harm reduction in Italy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Assessing healthcare cost changes associated with transitioning away from cigarette smoking using healthcare claims data: an exploratory study among adult male patients with COPD.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Given that many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) smoke despite their symptoms, it is important to understand the long-term health impact of cigarette substitution with heated tobacco products (HTPs). We monitored health parameters for 3 years in COPD patients who substantially attenuated or ceased cigarette consumption after switching to HTPs. Changes in daily cigarette smoking, annualized disease exacerbations, lung function indices, patient-reported outcomes (CAT scores) and 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) from baseline were measured in COPD patients using HTPs at 12, 24 and 36 months. These were compared to a group of age- and sex-matched COPD patients who continued smoking. Complete data sets were available for 38 patients (19 in each group). Subjects using HTPs had a substantial decrease in annualized COPD exacerbations within the group mean (± SD) from 2.1 (± 0.9) at baseline to 1.4 (± 0.8), 1.2 (± 0.8) and 1.3 (± 0.8) at 12-, 24- and 36-month follow-up (p < 0.05 for all visits). In addition, substantial and clinically significant improvements in CAT scores and 6MWD were identified at all three time points in the HTP cohort. No significant changes were observed in COPD patients who continued smoking. This study is the first to describe the long-term health effects of HTP use in COPD patients. Consistent improvements in respiratory symptoms, exercise tolerance, quality of life, and rate of disease exacerbations were observed in patients with COPD who abstained from smoking or substantially reduced their cigarette consumption by switching to HTP use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.