ReviewMucosal immunology2021
Human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT); diversity, structure, and function.
Review in Mucosal immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 251 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
251 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 370 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of dietary polyphenol supplements for COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Alcohol consumption in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): understanding the gut-liver crosstalk for clinical translation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Targeting the gut-kidney axis to improve kidney transplantation prognosis: from mechanisms to clinical intervention strategies.Renal failure · 2026Review
- Comparative evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of gamma-irradiated Salmonella Gallinarum (γ-SG), SG ΔpurB mutant, and their combined vaccine formulations in chicken.Microbial pathogenesis · 2026Article
- Immune tolerance platforms to mitigate unwanted immune responses.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Review
- Mucosal immunity: mechanism and application in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Vitamin D and Intestinal Diseases: Impact on Intestinal Immunity and Gut Barrier Function.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mechanistic insights into probiotic modulation of the gut-immune axis and their role as sustainable antibiotic alternatives in poultry production: An integrative review.Veterinary world · 2026Article
- Virus-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- The Gut-Lung Microbiome Axis in Alveolar Stem Cell Regeneration and Lung Repair.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Age at Appendectomy, Pneumonia/Influenza Risk, and The Role of Modifiable Risk-factor Profiles.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Investigating the Effect of Ginger-Derived Nanovesicles on the Growth and Metabolic Activity ofJournal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- The gut-liver axis in drug-induced liver injury (DILI): Interplay between gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, and immune system.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Atlas of human gut-associated lymphoid tissue reveals immunomodulatory interactions of B cells.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Immune development in early life.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Whey Proteins and Immunity: Mechanisms Underlying Immune System Reinforcement and Protection Against Viral and Bacterial Infections.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Targeting the gut‒kidney axis for lupus nephritis treatment: multimechanism regulatory strategies and evidence from Traditional Chinese medicine.Chinese medicine · 2026Review
- Distinct clinicopathological features of IgA nephropathy associated with Crohn's disease: comparison with ulcerative colitis and non-IBD IgA nephropathy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2026Article
- Exploring the Role of Gut Microbiota in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Implications.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
191 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) are the key antigen sampling and adaptive immune inductive sites within the intestinal wall. Human GALT includes the multi-follicular Peyer's patches of the ileum, the vermiform appendix, and the numerous isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF) which are distributed along the length of the intestine. Our current understanding of GALT diversity and function derives primarily from studies in mice, and the relevance of many of these findings to human GALT remains unclear. Here we review our current understanding of human GALT diversity, structure, and composition as well as their potential for regulating intestinal immune responses during homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Finally, we outline some key remaining questions regarding human GALT, the answers to which will advance our understanding of intestinal immune responses and provide potential opportunities to improve the treatment of intestinal diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.