ArticleBJPsych open2021
The effect of anaesthetic dose on response and remission in electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder: nationwide register-based cohort study.
Article in BJPsych open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05308056 (Depth of Anetshesia During Electroconvulsive Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Depth of Anetshesia During Electroconvulsive Therapy
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of ECT-anesthetics on reorientation time.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- [Efficacy and safety of super electroconvulsive therapy for treatment-resistant depression: a retrospective analysis of 292 cases].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Depth of Anaesthesia Measured by Patient State Index (PSi) Does Not Correlate With Increased Seizure Duration During Electroconvulsive Therapy.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Observational
- Seizure Duration and Electroconvulsive Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in the Treatment of Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Narrative Review of Literature Published from 2018 to 2023.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Review
- Electroconvulsive therapy in children and adolescents: results from a population‑based study utilising the Swedish National Quality Register.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe and effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). ECT treatment effect relies on induced generalised seizures. Most anaesthetics raise the seizure threshold and shorten seizure duration. There are no conclusive studies on the effect of anaesthetic dose on response and remission rates with ECT for MDD.
aimsWe aimed to examine the effect of different dose intervals of anaesthetics on response and remission after ECT for MDD.
methodWe conducted a nationwide cohort study, using data from Swedish registers. Low-, medium- and high-dose intervals, adjusted for age and gender, were constructed for each anaesthetic drug. Response and remission were measured with the Clinical Global Impression - Severity and Improvement scales (CGI-I and CGI-S), and a self-rated version of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S). Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios for response and remission rates.
resultsThe study included 7917 patients who received ECT for MDD during 2012-2018. Patients were given either thiopental (64.1%) or propofol (35.9%). Low-dose intervals of anaesthetics were associated with increased rates of response (CGI-I: odds ratio 1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.40, P = 0.004; MADRS-S: odds ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.09-1.56, P = 0.004) and remission (CGI-S: odds ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.17-1.60, P ≤ 0.001; MADRS-S: odds ratio 1.31, 95% CI 1.10-1.54, P = 0.002).
conclusionsWe found improved treatment outcomes with low- compared with high-dose anaesthetic during ECT for MDD. To enhance treatment effect, deep anaesthesia during ECT for MDD should be avoided.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.