ArticleParasites & vectors2021
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for vector-borne pathogens in dogs from Egypt.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Epidemiological study of strongyle infections in equines in Egypt: prevalence and risk factors.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
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- Canine Ticks, Tick-Borne Pathogens and Associated Risk Factors in Nigeria.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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- First Evidence ofVeterinary sciences · 2024Article
- Molecular, epidemiological, and hematological evaluation inOpen veterinary journal · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Lyme Disease and Relapsing FeverPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effect of Breed on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Apparently Healthy Dogs Infected with Zoonotic Pathogens Endemic to the Mediterranean Basin.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Article
- Epidemiology of canine ehrlichiosis and molecular characterization of Erhlichia canis in Bangladeshi pet dogs.PloS one · 2024Article
- Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in Egyptian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection and associated risk factors in calves in Egypt.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle in Egypt: a serosurvey and associated risk factors.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDogs play an important role as reservoirs of many zoonotic vector-borne pathogens worldwide, yet reports of canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) in Egypt are scarce.
methodsSerum samples were collected from pet dogs (n = 500) of the three most common breeds (German Shepherd, Rottweiler and Pit Bull) in five Governates of Cairo (n = 230), Giza (n = 110), Al-Qalyubia (n = 60), Al-Gharbia (n = 60) and Kafr El-Sheikh (n = 40) with a hot desert climate. The presence of antibodies to Anaplasma spp. (A. phagocytophilum, A. platys), Ehrlichia spp. (E. canis, E. chaffeensis, E. ewingii), Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) and Dirofilaria immitis were assessed using IDEXX SNAP
resultsIn total, 18.2% (n = 91, 95% CI 15.1-21.8) of dogs scored seropositive for at least one pathogen, the most frequent being Ehrlichia spp. (n = 56; 11.2%; 95% CI 8.7-14.3) followed by Anaplasma spp. (n = 33; 6.6%, 95% CI 4.7-9.1), Borrelia burgdorferi (s.l.) (n = 9; 1.8%, 95% CI 0.9-3.4) and D. immitis (n = 7; 1.4%, 95% CI 0.9-2.9). In the tested population, 15.4% (95% CI 12.5-18.8) of dogs were exposed to a single pathogen while 2.4 (95% CI 1.4-4.2) and 0.4% (95% CI 0.1-1.4) were simultaneously exposed to two or three pathogens, respectively. Major risk factors associated with VBDs were living outdoors (Anaplasma spp., P = 0.0001; Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.0001), female sex (Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.005), German Shepherd breed (Anaplasma spp., P = 0.04; Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.03), tick infestation (Anaplasma spp., P = 0.0001; Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.0001; B. burgdorferi (s.l.), P = 0.003; D. immitis, P = 0.02), irregular sanitation (Anaplasma spp., P = 0.0001; Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.0001; B. burgdorferi (s.l.), P = 0.002; D. immitis, P = 0.01) and not using ectoparasiticides (Anaplasma spp., P = 0.0001; Ehrlichia spp., P = 0.0001; B. burgdorferi (s.l.), P = 0.007).
conclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first large-scale seroepidemiological study of CVBDs in Egypt. Considering that all of the detected pathogens are potentially zoonotic, effective ectoparasite control strategies, regular examination of pet dogs and successful chemoprophylaxis are advocated.
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