ArticleBMC women's health2021
An ecological momentary assessment study of physical activity behaviors among mothers of toddlers from low-income households.
Article in BMC women's health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02615158 (Toddler Overweight Prevention), which is not on this map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Toddler Overweight Prevention: Comparison of Maternal and Toddler Intervention
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- MOVE@NUS digital intervention cohort: protocol of a pilot study to promote healthy movement in university students.Journal of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors · 2026Article
- Capturing Movement Behaviors in Latinas: Feasibility, Validity, and Acceptability Study of an Ecological Momentary Assessment Protocol.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Independence in Activities of Daily Living Among Autistic Toddlers: A Pilot Study Using Ecological Momentary Assessment.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Predictors of physical activity in daily life among women of reproductive age: a scoping review.mHealth · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMothers of young children from low-income communities may be vulnerable to barriers associated with low physical activity. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between home environment factors and maternal physical activity among mothers of toddlers.
methodsMothers of toddlers (n = 200) recruited from low-income communities simultaneously wore an ankle-placed accelerometer and were given a personal digital assistant for ecological momentary assessment. Mothers received randomly prompted questions about their current environment, activity, and social setting several times a day over eight consecutive days. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects regression models with random intercepts; within-group and between-group relations between physical activity and environment factors were disaggregated.
resultsWithin-group relations included higher physical activity counts for specific mothers with television off versus on (95% CI = 130.45, 199.17), children absent versus present (95% CI = 82.00, 3.43), engaging with a child versus not (95% CI = 52.66, 127.63), and outside versus inside location (95% CI = 277.74, 392.67). Between-group relations included higher physical activity on average when other adults were absent versus present (95% CI = - 282.63, - 46.95). Recruitment site (urban vs. semi-urban) significantly moderated the within-group relation between being outside versus inside and activity count (β = - 243.12, 95% CI = - 358.74, - 127.47), and showed stronger relations among urban mothers (β = 440.33, 95% CI = 358.41, 522.25), than semi-urban (β = 190.37, 95% CI = 109.64, 271.11). Maternal body weight significantly moderated the within-group relation between being located outside versus inside the home and activity count (β for interaction = - 188.67, 95% CI = - 308.95, - 68.39), with a stronger relation among mothers with normal weight (β = 451.62, 95% CI = 345.51, 557.73), than mothers with overweight/obesity (β = 271.95, 95% CI = 204.26, 339.64).
conclusionsThis study highlights home environmental factors, including screen time, the presence of others (adults and children), and location (i.e., outside versus inside) that may relate to maternal physical activity behaviors. Understanding factors associated with physical activity could reduce physical activity disparities. Trial registry ClinicalTrials. NCT02615158, April 2006.
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