ArticleBMC psychiatry2021
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with developmental coordination disorder: 24-year follow-up of a population-based sample.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biopsychosocial factors and participation in adults with developmental coordination disorder: A structural equation modelling analysis.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Article
- Movement-related cortical potentials underlying motor preparation and execution in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Article
- The effects of aquatic and land-based interventions on children with developmental coordination disorder.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Investigating the Mediating Role of Executive Function in the Relationship Between ADHD and DCD Symptoms and Depression in Adults.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Children with developmental coordination disorders: a review of approaches to assessment and intervention.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Article
- Developmental Coordination Disorder and Most Prevalent Comorbidities: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Deficits in attention, motor control and perception childhood to age 30 years: prospective case-control study of outcome predictors.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Perspective: Acknowledging complexity to advance the understanding of developmental coordination disorder.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
- Studies on Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder in the Past 20 Years: A Bibliometric AnalysisFrontiers in psychiatry · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough the body of research concerning neurodevelopmental disorders is vast, there is a scarcity of longitudinal studies beyond late adolescence, and of studies taking co-existing disorders into account. The present study aimed to investigate outcome in adulthood for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) combined with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) diagnosed at 6.6 years of age.
methodsOut of a screening-based population cohort of 589 individuals, 62 (10 female) diagnosed with ADHD+DCD at mean age 6.6 years naïve to stimulant treatment were followed into adulthood through national registries. Results were compared to a screen- and assessment negative population matched group from the same cohort (PM group, n = 51) and a registry-matched (RM group, n = 410) group of the same county and age.
resultsAt 30 to 31 years of age, five deaths had occurred; one in the ADHD+DCD group and two each in the comparison groups. In time to event analyses of the composite outcome of any psychiatric disorder, psychotropic prescription, sick pension or criminal sentence, events occurred at a significantly higher rate in the ADHD+DCD group (p = 0.0032, vs PM group p = 0.0115, vs RM group p = 0.0054). The ADHD+DCD group had significantly higher rates of psychiatric diagnoses, prescriptions of psychoactive medications and occurrence of sick pension than both comparison groups. Further, the ADHD+DCD group had significantly lower educational attainment compared to both comparison groups, more years with unemployment, and overall higher welfare recipiency. Rates of pain diagnoses and analgesic prescriptions did not separate the groups.
conclusionADHD+DCD entailed a less favorable outcome in adulthood compared to a non-clinical comparison group and a registry-matched population. Neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed upon school entry is of prognostic utility with respect to function in adulthood, and warrants early identification and management.
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