ArticlePloS one2021
IL-6 and IL-10 in the serum and exfoliated cervical cells of patients infected with high-risk human papillomavirus.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Systemic Immune-Inflammation Markers Associate With Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection in Asymptomatic Women.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Correlation and combined predictive value analysis of serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels with tumor progression in patients with cervical cancer.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- The impact of gut microbiota on cervical cancer and precancerous lesions: neglected status, mechanisms, challenges, and a call to action.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The identification of metabolites from gut microbiota in HPV infection via network pharmacology.PloS one · 2026Article
- Informative HPV testing after conization and its impact on time-varying estimates: a GAMM-based cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Serum level of soluble Interleukin-2 receptor among human papilloma virus infected female patients.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- Interleukins in the Pathogenesis of Warts: Insight from the Last Decade-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Patterns of Different Cervical Cytokine Expression in High-Risk Human Papillomavirus-Infected Patients With Cervical Cancer and Its Precancerous Lesions.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Advances in the interrelated nature of vaginal microecology, HPV infection, and cervical lesions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Harnessing cytokines: innovative adjuvants for improved veterinary vaccine efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of Ascending HPV Infection on Colorectal Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Nationwide Study.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of peripheral blood cells in HPV-associated carcinoma patients receiving combined valproic acid and avelumab.Molecular oncology · 2024Article
- Expression of Inflammation Depending on the Stage of Cervical Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and a-MMP-8 in sites with healthy conditions and with periodontal and peri-implant diseases: A case-control study.Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects · 2024Article
- Impact of high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus infections on the male genital tract: effects on semen inflammation and sperm quality.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Dynamic changes of soluble HLA-G and cytokine plasma levels in cervical cancer patients: potential role in cancer progression and immunotherapy.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Cytokine profiling of samples positive for Chlamydia trachomatis and Human papillomavirus.PloS one · 2023Article
- Imbalance of Vaginal Microbiota and Immunity: Two Main Accomplices of Cervical Cancer in Chinese Women.International journal of women's health · 2023Article
- IL-6 and IL-10 Are Associated With Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria Infection in Lymphoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer and its precursor lesions. While some cytokines help immune cells in virus clearance, others contribute to the persistence of infection and neoplastic progression. Here, the levels of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-2 were quantified in the serum and exfoliated cervical cells (ECCs) of patients with HR-HPV, and the presence of IL-6+ cells was investigated in uterine cervix biopsies. Cytokine levels in the serum and ECCs of 26 HR-HPV DNA-positive patients and 18 HPV DNA-negative patients were measured using flow cytometry. Fifteen uterine cervix biopsy samples embedded in paraffin were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for the detection of IL-6+ cells. HR-HPV-positive patients showed increased IL-6 and IL-10 in the ECCs and serum, respectively. Compared with HPV DNA-positive patients, HPV DNA-negative patients had higher levels of IL-6 in ECCs. Patients with multiple infections of HPV had higher levels of IL-6 in their ECCs than those with a single infection. Immunostaining of uterine cervix biopsy samples revealed no differences in IL-6 expression between the different classes of histopathological lesions. However, differences were observed in the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-10 at the systemic and local levels in HR-HPV-positive patients without cervical lesions. Considering the functional characteristics of these cytokines, it can be inferred that such patients are prone to persistent HPV infection.
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