Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33750806›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

All-printed stretchable corneal sensor on soft contact lenses for noninvasive and painless ocular electrodiagnosis.

Kyunghun Kim, Ho Joong Kim, Haozhe Zhang, Woohyun Park, Dawn Meyer, Min Ku Kim, Bongjoong Kim, Heun Park, Baoxing Xu, Pete Kollbaum and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Thickness-Gradient Liquid Metal Connectors for Seamless Electrophysiological Sensors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Photonic Nanomaterials for Wearable Health Solutions.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Beyond Flexible: Unveiling the Next Era of Flexible Electronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Advances in the Use of Conducting Polymers for Healthcare Monitoring.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Kyunghun Kim *Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Ho Joong Kim *Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Haozhe Zhang *Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Woohyun ParkSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1799-3104
Dawn MeyerSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
Min Ku KimWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-5793
Bongjoong KimSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Heun ParkWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Baoxing XuDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA. bx4c@virginia.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-8737
Pete KollbaumSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA. kollbaum@indiana.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9568-2064
Bryan W BoudourisCharles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. boudouris@purdue.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0428-631X
Chi Hwan LeeWeldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. lee2270@purdue.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4868-7054

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Electroretinogram examinations serve as routine clinical procedures in ophthalmology for the diagnosis and management of many ocular diseases. However, the rigid form factor of current corneal sensors produces a mismatch with the soft, curvilinear, and exceptionally sensitive human cornea, which typically requires the use of topical anesthesia and a speculum for pain management and safety. Here we report a design of an all-printed stretchable corneal sensor built on commercially-available disposable soft contact lenses that can intimately and non-invasively interface with the corneal surface of human eyes. The corneal sensor is integrated with soft contact lenses via an electrochemical anchoring mechanism in a seamless manner that ensures its mechanical and chemical reliability. Thus, the resulting device enables the high-fidelity recording of full-field electroretinogram signals in human eyes without the need of topical anesthesia or a speculum. The device, superior to clinical standards in terms of signal quality and comfortability, is expected to address unmet clinical needs in the field of ocular electrodiagnosis.

Indexed as

Contact Lenses, HydrophilicCorneaCorneal DiseasesElectrodiagnosisElectroretinographyHumansReproducibility of ResultsSensationVision, OcularWearable Electronic Devices

Identifiers

PMID33750806
PMCPMC7943761

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.