Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33750782›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Apparent nosocomial adaptation of Enterococcus faecalis predates the modern hospital era.

Anna K Pöntinen, Janetta Top, Sergio Arredondo-Alonso, Gerry Tonkin-Hill, Ana R Freitas, Carla Novais, Rebecca A Gladstone, Maiju Pesonen, Rodrigo Meneses, Henri Pesonen and 11 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Comprehensive analysis ofGut microbes · 2025
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  12. Multidrug-ResistantVeterinary sciences · 2025
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  13. Hidden diversity inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
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  17. Clinical, genomic, and functional characterization of vancomycin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Anna K PöntinenDepartment of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. a.k.pontinen@medisin.uio.no.ORCID 0000-0002-3160-2042
Janetta TopDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Sergio Arredondo-AlonsoDepartment of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Gerry Tonkin-HillParasites and Microbes, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
Ana R FreitasUCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-7326-4133
Carla NovaisUCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Rebecca A GladstoneDepartment of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Maiju PesonenOslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology (OCBE), Oslo University Hospital Research Support Services, Oslo, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-3399-2136
Rodrigo MenesesDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1632-1752
Henri PesonenDepartment of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
John A LeesMRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5360-1254
Dorota JamrozyParasites and Microbes, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5703-9315
Stephen D BentleyParasites and Microbes, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8094-3751
Val F LanzaBioinformatics Unit, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain.
Carmen TorresDepartment of Food and Agriculture, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3709-1690
Luisa PeixeUCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Teresa M CoqueDepartment of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Julian ParkhillWellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7069-5958
Anita C Schürch *Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1894-7545
Rob J L Willems *Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Jukka Corander *Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. jukka.corander@medisin.uio.no.ORCID 0000-0002-7752-1942

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/R015600/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal and nosocomial pathogen, which is also ubiquitous in animals and insects, representing a classical generalist microorganism. Here, we study E. faecalis isolates ranging from the pre-antibiotic era in 1936 up to 2018, covering a large set of host species including wild birds, mammals, healthy humans, and hospitalised patients. We sequence the bacterial genomes using short- and long-read techniques, and identify multiple extant hospital-associated lineages, with last common ancestors dating back as far as the 19th century. We find a population cohesively connected through homologous recombination, a metabolic flexibility despite a small genome size, and a stable large core genome. Our findings indicate that the apparent hospital adaptations found in hospital-associated E. faecalis lineages likely predate the "modern hospital" era, suggesting selection in another niche, and underlining the generalist nature of this nosocomial pathogen.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBirdsCross InfectionDrug Resistance, BacterialEnterococcus faecalisGenes, MDRGenome, BacterialGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsHospitalsHost SpecificityHumansPhylogenyVirulence FactorsWhole Genome SequencingAnti-Bacterial AgentsVirulence Factors

Identifiers

PMID33750782
PMCPMC7943827

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.