Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33749787›Full record

ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2021

Limited Predictability of Amino Acid Substitutions in Seasonal Influenza Viruses.

Pierre Barrat-Charlaix, John Huddleston, Trevor Bedford, Richard A Neher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Uncovering heterogeneous intercommunity disease transmission from neutral allele frequency time series.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Exact and efficient phylodynamic simulation from arbitrarily large populations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
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  18. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Pierre Barrat-CharlaixBiozentrum, Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3816-3724
John HuddlestonMolecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Trevor BedfordMolecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Richard A NeherBiozentrum, Universität Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2525-1407

Funding

Real-time tracking of virus evolution for vaccine strain selection and epidemiological investigationR35GM119774 · NIGMS · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI BEDFORD, TREVOR BC · 2016 to 2025
$4.1M
High-throughput experiments to guide influenza vaccine strain selectionR01AI127893 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI BLOOM, JESSE D · 2016 to 2020
$2.1M
Integrative prediction of seasonal influenza evolution by genotype, phenotype, and geographyF31AI140714 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI HUDDLESTON, JOHN · 2019 to 2020
$75k
NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI140714NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI127893NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM119774
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Seasonal influenza viruses repeatedly infect humans in part because they rapidly change their antigenic properties and evade host immune responses, necessitating frequent updates of the vaccine composition. Accurate predictions of strains circulating in the future could therefore improve the vaccine match. Here, we studied the predictability of frequency dynamics and fixation of amino acid substitutions. Current frequency was the strongest predictor of eventual fixation, as expected in neutral evolution. Other properties, such as occurrence in previously characterized epitopes or high Local Branching Index (LBI) had little predictive power. Parallel evolution was found to be moderately predictive of fixation. Although the LBI had little power to predict frequency dynamics, it was still successful at picking strains representative of future populations. The latter is due to a tendency of the LBI to be high for consensus-like sequences that are closer to the future than the average sequence. Simulations of models of adapting populations, in contrast, show clear signals of predictability. This indicates that the evolution of influenza HA and NA, while driven by strong selection pressure to change, is poorly described by common models of directional selection such as traveling fitness waves.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAdaptation, BiologicalAmino Acid SubstitutionHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeModels, GeneticNeuraminidaseH1N1 virus hemagglutininHemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza VirusNeuraminidaseevolutioninfluenzapopulation genetics

Identifiers

PMID33749787
PMCPMC8233509

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.