Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33748696›Full record

ArticleiScience2021

Learning from HIV-1 to predict the immunogenicity of T cell epitopes in SARS-CoV-2.

Ang Gao, Zhilin Chen, Assaf Amitai, Julia Doelger, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Emily Sundquist, Florencia Pereyra Segal, Mary Carrington, Mark M Davis, Hendrik Streeck and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Impaired and restored CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. A journey to your self: The vague definition of immune self and its practical implications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
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  8. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Ang GaoInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Zhilin ChenRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, 400 Technology Sq., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Assaf AmitaiInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Julia DoelgerInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Vamsee MallajosyulaInstitute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Emily SundquistRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, 400 Technology Sq., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Florencia Pereyra SegalBrigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Mary CarringtonRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, 400 Technology Sq., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Mark M DavisInstitute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Hendrik StreeckInstitut für Virologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Arup K ChakrabortyInstitute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Boris JulgRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, 400 Technology Sq., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard · USMassachusetts Institute of Technology · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USStanford University · USUniversity Hospital Bonn · DE

Funding

Using a tonsil organoid system to probe conditions for the induction of protective antibody and T cell responses to influenza.U19AI057229 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Mark Morris Davis · 2003 to 2026
$88.5M
Optimizing HIV-specific T-cell responses by therapeutic vaccinationR01AI138790 · NIAID · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI JUELG, BORIS DOMINIK · 2019 to 2024
$2.8M
Host genetic resistance to COVID-19ZIABC011949 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI CARRINGTON, MARY N. · 2020 to 2025
$997k
CCR NIH HHS HHSN261200800001CNCI NIH HHS HHSN261200800001ENIAID NIH HHS R01 AI138790NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI057229
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe a physics-based learning model for predicting the immunogenicity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes derived from diverse pathogens including SARS-CoV-2. The model was trained and optimized on the relative immunodominance of CTL epitopes in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Its accuracy was tested against experimental data from patients with COVID-19. Our model predicts that only some SARS-CoV-2 epitopes predicted to bind to HLA molecules are immunogenic. The immunogenic CTL epitopes across all SARS-CoV-2 proteins are predicted to provide broad population coverage, but those from the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein alone are unlikely to do so. Our model also predicts that several immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 CTL epitopes are identical to seasonal coronaviruses circulating in the population and such cross-reactive CD8

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceImmune ResponsImmunologyIn Silico Biology

Identifiers

PMID33748696
PMCPMC7956900
OpenAlexW3138188475

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.