Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33747758›Full record

ArticleAfrican journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence2021

Areas of delay related to prolonged length of stay in an emergency department of an academic hospital in South Africa.

Kapari Mashao, Tanya Heyns, Zelda White

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Emergency Department length of stay: a mixed-methods study in four Ethiopian public hospitals.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
    Article
  2. Implementing early warning systems for sepsis recognition in African healthcare settings: an Angolan perspective.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
    Article
  3. Boarding times of patients admitted to the Emergency Department of an Ethiopian hospital.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
    Article
  4. Quantifying access block in a South African major trauma centre: a retrospective exploratory study.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
    Article
  5. Emergency Medicine in South Africa: Progress, challenges, and future directions from a qualitative inquiry.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
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  11. Mapping the evidence of emergency nursing research in who Afro-region states: A Scoping Review.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2024
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  17. Harmonising Competency-Based Medical and Dental Curricula in Ghana.Journal of medical education and curricular development
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kapari MashaoUniversity of Pretoria, Department of Nursing Science, Pretoria, South Africa.
Tanya HeynsUniversity of Pretoria, Department of Nursing Science, Pretoria, South Africa.
Zelda WhiteUniversity of Pretoria, Department of Human Nutrition, Pretoria, South Africa.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, length of stay of patients in emergency departments remains a challenge. Remaining in the emergency department for >12 h increases health care costs, morbidity and mortality rates and leads to crowding and lower patient satisfaction.The aim of this research was to describe the areas of delay related to prolonged length of stay in the emergency department of an academic hospital. Methods: A quantitative retrospective study was done. The Input-Throughput-Output model was used to identify the areas of patients' journey through the emergency department. The possible areas of delay where then described. Using systematic sampling, a total of 100 patient files managed in an emergency department of an academic hospital in South Africa were audited over a period of 3 months. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis was used to analyse data. Results: The mean length of stay of patients in the emergency department was 73 h 49 min. The length of stay per phase was: input (3 h 17 min), throughput (16 h 25 min) and output (54 h 7 min). A strong significant relationship found between the length of stay and the time taken between disposition decision (throughput phase) disposition decision to admission or discharge of patients from the ED (output phase) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The output phase was identified as the longest area of delay in this study, with the time taken between disposition decision to admission or discharge of patients from the ED (patients waiting for inpatient beds) as the main significant area of delay.

Indexed as

Emergency departmentInput-Throughput-Output modelLength of stay

Identifiers

PMID33747758
PMCPMC7966966

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.