Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33747320›Full record

ArticlePain research & management2021

The Prevalence of Headache and Associated Factors in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Daifallah Almalki, Mamdouh M Shubair, Badr F Al-Khateeb, Rawan Abdullah Obaid Alshammari, Saeed Mastour Alshahrani, Raed Aldahash, Khadijah Angawi, Majid Alsalamah, Jamaan Al-Zahrani, Sameer Al-Ghamdi and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pain research & management, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Daifallah AlmalkiDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
Mamdouh M ShubairSchool of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia (UNBC), 3333 University Way, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4758-072X
Badr F Al-KhateebDepartment of Family Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-9824-7148
Rawan Abdullah Obaid AlshammariPrincess Nourah University, Leader of Epidemiology of Batch 39, Member of Quality Club of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences College at Princess Noura University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-0360-6580
Saeed Mastour AlshahraniCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-2714-7785
Raed AldahashCollege of Medicine, Medicine Department, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), King Abdulaziz Medical City-National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Khadijah AngawiDepartment of Health Services and Hospital Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-7625-1813
Majid AlsalamahDepartment of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Jamaan Al-ZahraniFamily & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4236-9389
Sameer Al-GhamdiFamily & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-0506-0574
Hayat Saleh Al-ZahraniFamily Medicine and Medical Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4873-3356
Ashraf El-MetwallyCollege of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5575-0077
Khaled K AldossariFamily & Community Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3265-8651
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences · SAPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University · SAPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University · SAKing Abdulaziz University · SAKing Khalid University · SAUniversity of Northern British Columbia · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Only few studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of headaches among the Saudi population. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of headache and to explore its associated risk factors Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The multistage sampling technique was used to enroll 1200 population-based participants who were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire about headaches, demographics, and several other parameters such as smoking status and different chronic and psychological illnesses. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to test the association. Results: The overall prevalence of headaches in this study was 3%. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that females were more likely to have headaches than males (odds ratio (OR) 0.735, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.612-1.341; Conclusion: The prevalence of headaches was 3%, and four significant associated factors were identified: females, nonmarried, smoking, and overweight. The temporality of the relationship between these factors and headache cannot be confirmed in this cross-sectional study; so future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these potential causal relationships.

Indexed as

Cross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHeadacheHumansMalePrevalenceRisk FactorsSaudi Arabia

Identifiers

PMID33747320
PMCPMC7952183
OpenAlexW3134910244

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.