ReviewBiophysical reviews2021
Role of mechanosignaling on pathology of varicose vein.
Review in Biophysical reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Venous Disease-Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Shear Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- A survey of self-reported varicose veins with prior clinical diagnosis among adults residing in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study examining associated factors.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the vascular remodeling markers elastin, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and nitric oxide in patients with varicose veins.Kardiochirurgia i torakochirurgia polska = Polish journal of cardio-thoracic surgery · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Venous Disease: An Overview.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mechanism of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase promoting lower extremity varicose veins development via cytoskeletal dynamics.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Endothelium Piezo1 deletion alleviates experimental varicose veins by attenuating perivenous inflammation.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Article
- The vascular microenvironment and its stem cells regulate vascular homeostasis.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Innovative Approaches and Future Directions in the Management and Understanding of Varicose Veins: A Systematic Review.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Relationship between internal diameter and vasoconstriction in human varicose veins.Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi · 2024Article
- Automatic force-controlled 3D photoacoustic system for human peripheral vascular imaging.Biomedical optics express · 2023Article
- Molecular Determinants of Chronic Venous Disease: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Chronic venous disease patients show increased IRS-4 expression in the great saphenous vein wall.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Understanding Chronic Venous Disease: A Critical Overview of Its Pathophysiology and Medical Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Biophysical Reviews-the IUPAB journal tasked with advancing biophysics.Biophysical reviews · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Varicose veins are the most common vascular disease in humans. Veins have valves that help the blood return gradually to the heart without leaking blood. When these valves become weak, blood and fluid collect and pool by pressing against the walls of the veins, causing varicose veins. In the cardiovascular system, mechanical forces are important determinants of vascular homeostasis and pathological processes. Blood vessels are constantly exposed to a variety of hemodynamic forces, including shear stress and environmental strains caused by the blood flow. In varicose veins within the leg, venous blood pressure rises in the vein of the lower extremities due to prolonged standing, creating a peripheral tension in the vessel wall thereby causing mechanical stimulation of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle. Studies have shown that long-term increased exposure to vascular wall tension is associated with the overexpression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α and increased levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9, thereby reducing venous contraction and progressive venous dilatation, which is involved in the development of varicose veins. Following the expression of metalloproteinase, the expression of type 1 collagen increases, and the amount of type 3 collagen decreases. Therefore, collagen imbalance will cause the varicose veins to not stretch. Loss of structural proteins (type 3 collagen and elastin) in the vessel wall causes the loss of the biophysical properties of the varicose vein wall. This review article tries to elaborate on the effect of mechanical forces and sensors of these forces on the vascular wall in creating the mechanism of mechanosignaling, as well as the role of the onset of molecular signaling cascades in the pathology of varicose veins.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.