ArticleTranslational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine2021
Ingenuity and resiliency of syringe service programs on the front lines of the opioid overdose and COVID-19 crises.
Article in Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic impacts on the health of people who inject drugs using a novel data sharing model.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Patient and provider experiences with opioid use disorder care delivered via telehealth: A systematic mixed-studies review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Pooled it
- Experiences of People Who Use Drugs in Rural Southeastern Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Harm Reduction, Substance Use Treatment, and Trusted Information Sources.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Strengthening implementation of syringe services programs in Florida: insights from a statewide survey and social network analysis.Implementation science communications · 2026Article
- Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake and preferences for service delivery among people who inject drugs accessing a syringe service program.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Drug checking services: barriers and facilitators to implementation by U.S. syringe services programs.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- A Mobile Health Application to Support Reductions in Overdose Risk Behaviors: A Pilot Study.Substance use & addiction journal · 2026Article
- Integration of safer smoking equipment in U.S. syringe services programs: Qualitative insights from program staff.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- Implementation determinants of safer smoking supplies in U.S. syringe services programs.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Association of safer smoking supply distribution with participant encounters and naloxone distribution from syringe services programs: Findings from the National Survey of Syringe Services Programs in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2025Article
- HIV Prevention in Syringe Service Programs Since the Start of COVID-19: Where Do We Go From Here?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- "New Normal:" Opportunities and Challenges Faced by Syringe Service Programs Following the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Financial barriers, facilitators, and strategies among syringe services programs in the U.S., and their impact on implementation and health outcomes.SSM. Qualitative research in health · 2024Article
- Comparing harm reduction and overdose response services between community-based and public health department syringe service programmes using a national cross-sectional survey.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Program Director Reports of COVID-19 Lockdown-Driven Service Changes in Community-Based STI Clinics and Syringe Services Programs in the Southeastern U.S.AIDS education and prevention : official publication of the International Society for AIDS Education · 2024Article
- Improving access to HIV care among people who inject drugs through tele-harm reduction: a qualitative analysis of perceived discrimination and stigma.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- "It's starting to weigh on me": Exploring the Experiences and Support Needs of Harm Reduction Staff in Connecticut using the Social-Ecological Model.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Availability of telehealth-based services at syringe services programs under the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Exploring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare and substance use service access among women who inject drugs: a qualitative study.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- Factors Associated with HIV Testing Among People Who Inject Drugs: Findings from a Multistate Study at the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As COVID-19 accelerated throughout 2020, syringe service programs (SSPs) faced challenges necessitating programmatic adaptations to prevent overdose deaths while simultaneously keeping workers and participants safe from COVID-19. We used qualitative methods to gain an understanding of the social context within which SSPs are operating during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted 36 in-depth interviews with program representatives from 18 programs and used the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) implementation framework to guide data analysis. We focused on 3 of the 4 EPIS constructs: Outer context, inner context, and innovation factors. Our data indicate that responding to the pandemic led to innovations in service delivery such as secondary and mail-based distribution, adoption of telemedicine for enrolling participants in medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and use of virtual training platforms for overdose prevention. We found high levels of staff and volunteer commitment, which was a cornerstone to the success of these innovations. We observed that many SSPs were short-staffed because of their commitment to safety, and some lost current funding as well as opportunities for future funding. Despite minimal staffing and diminished funding, SSPs innovated at an accelerated pace. To ensure the sustainability of these new approaches, a supportive external context (federal, state, and local policies and funding) is needed to support the development of SSPs' inner contexts (organizational characteristics, characteristics of individuals) and sustainment of the innovations achieved regarding delivery of naloxone and MOUD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.