ReviewThe Journal of international medical research2021
Nexus between COVID-19 and periodontal disease.
Review in The Journal of international medical research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Landscape of the Interrelationship Between Periodontitis, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, and COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Periodontal Pathobionts and Respiratory Diseases: Mechanisms of Interaction and Implications for Interdisciplinary Care.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Periodontal Disease Elevates IL-6 Levels During Initial Symptoms of COVID-19.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Relationship between periodontitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Herpesviruses and SARS-CoV-2: Viral Association with Oral Inflammatory Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Association of self-reported periodontal disease and inequities with long haul COVID-19.PloS one · 2024Article
- Periodontal disease and COVID-19: Prognosis and potential pathways of association in their pathogenesis.Canadian journal of dental hygiene : CJDH = Journal canadien de l'hygiene dentaire : JCHD · 2023Review
- Association between periodontitis and COVID-19 severity in a tertiary hospital: A retrospective cohort study.The Saudi dental journal · 2022Article
- Self-Reported Periodontal Disease and Its Association with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in oral health · 2022Review
- The Influence of Propolis on Dental Plaque Reduction and the Correlation between Dental Plaque and Severity of COVID-19 Complications-A Literature Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Current and Potential Application of Medicinal Cannabis Products in Dentistry.Dentistry journal · 2021Review
- COVID-19 and periodontitis: reflecting on a possible association.Head & face medicine · 2021Review
- Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past several decades, studies have demonstrated the existence of bi-directional relationships between periodontal disease and systemic conditions. Periodontitis is a polymicrobial and multifactorial disease involving both host and environmental factors. Tissue destruction is primarily associated with hyperresponsiveness of the host resulting in release of inflammatory mediators. Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a major role in bacterial stimulation and tissue destruction. In addition, these cytokines are thought to underlie the associations between periodontitis and systemic conditions. Current research suggests that increased release of cytokines from host cells, referred to as the cytokine storm, is associated with disease progression in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). An intersection between periodontitis and pulmonary disease is biologically plausible. Hence, we reviewed the evidence linking COVID-19, cytokines, and periodontal disease. Plaque control is essential to prevent exchange of bacteria between the mouth and the lungs, reducing the risk of lung disease. Understanding these associations may help identify individuals at high risk and deliver appropriate care at early stages.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.