ArticleNursing open2021
Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) across countries: Measurement invariance issues.
Article in Nursing open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 91 papers.
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Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic: the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and type of work.Industrial health · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adults accessing specialist psychiatric care: A cross-sectional Canadian analysis.PloS one · 2026Article
- [Hypochondriacal fears and corona fears among medical students compared to doctors].Psychiatrische Praxis · 2025Article
- Real-world predictors of severe psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: Insights from a large-scale internet-based cohort study.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Article
- Development and Validation of the COVID-19 Infection Fear Scale in a Collectivist Cultural Context: A Study From South Korea.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Comparing personality traits of healthcare workers with and without long COVID: Cross-sectional study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Article
- Exploring internet addiction during Covid-19 pandemic: a comparative study considering psychological, social, familial and individual aspects in University students.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Evaluation of fear, willingness to seek care, and healthcare delivery preferences for patients with nephrolithiasis during the COVID-19 pandemic.Translational andrology and urology · 2024Article
- Real-world predictors of changes in fear of COVID-19 in the Japanese general population: a large-scale internet-based cohort study with 20,712 participants.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- COVID-19-related fear and anxiety in a sample of patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Iran after several peaks of the pandemic.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2024Article
- Perceived risk of COVID-19 hurts mental health: the mediating role of fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of resilience.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Expanding Protection Motivation Theory to explain vaccine uptake among United Kingdom and Taiwan populations.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Is vaccine hesitancy related to mental health after the adjustment of the zero-COVID-19 strategy in the elderly? A mediation analysis in China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- The development of the fear of earthquake scale: validity and reliability study in Türkiye after the 2023 earthquake.BMC psychology · 2023Article
- Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19, Conspiracy Beliefs About Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate Against COVID-19: A Cross-National Indirect Effect Model in 13 Latin American Countries.Evaluation & the health professions · 2023Article
- Fear of COVID-19 among patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: A cross-sectional study in Estonian family practices.The European journal of general practice · 2023Article
- Do executive functions buffer against COVID-19 stress?: A latent variable approach.Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.) · 2023Article
- Risk of sarcopenia, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, depression and physical activity levels: Associations across patients on hemodialysis within Greece.Journal of frailty, sarcopenia and falls · 2023Article
- Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown on Migraine Patients in Latin America.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
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31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
aimThe threats of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have caused fears worldwide. The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was recently developed to assess the fear of COVID-19. Although many studies found that the FCV-19S is psychometrically sound, it is unclear whether the FCV-19S is invariant across countries. The present study aimed to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across eleven countries.
designCross-sectional study.
methodsUsing data collected from prior research on Bangladesh (N = 8,550), United Kingdom (N = 344), Brazil (N = 1,843), Taiwan (N = 539), Italy (N = 249), New Zealand (N = 317), Iran (N = 717), Cuba (N = 772), Pakistan (N = 937), Japan (N = 1,079) and France (N = 316), comprising a total 15,663 participants, the present study used the multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch differential item functioning (DIF) to examine the measurement invariance of the FCV-19S across country, gender and age (children aged below 18 years, young to middle-aged adults aged between 18 and 60 years, and older people aged above 60 years).
resultsThe unidimensional structure of the FCV-19S was confirmed. Multigroup CFA showed that FCV-19S was partially invariant across country and fully invariant across gender and age. DIF findings were consistent with the findings from multigroup CFA. Many DIF items were displayed for country, few DIF items were displayed for age, and no DIF items were displayed for gender.
conclusionBased on the results of the present study, the FCV-19S is a good psychometric instrument to assess fear of COVID-19 during the pandemic period. Moreover, the use of FCV-19S is supported in at least ten countries with satisfactory psychometric properties.
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