ArticleThe Science of the total environment2021
Urban environments and COVID-19 in three Eastern states of the United States.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of the built environment and human factors on the spread of COVID-19: A systematic literature review.The Science of the total environment · 2022Pooled it
- Features of the land use and COVID-19 cases and deaths in urban and land counties in Poland throughout the pandemic: a machine learning approach.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The role of place-based consciousness in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A survey analysis across rural and urban subgroups in the U.S.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Article
- Pathogenic built environment? Reflections on modeling spatial determinants of health in urban settings considering the example of COVID-19 studies.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Risk of post-acute symptoms among adults: A comparison study of severe COVID-19, pneumonia, and influenza.PloS one · 2025Article
- Genomic analysis of the SARS-CoV-2 variants circulated in the Philippines, 2020-2024.Dialogues in health · 2024Article
- Recovery From COVID-19-Related Disruptions in Cancer Detection.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Predictors of older adults' health behaviours to prevent COVID-19 transmission: a multilevel analysis.BMJ open · 2024Article
- Investigating the spatiotemporal characteristics and medical response during the initial COVID-19 epidemic in six Chinese cities.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic in Catalonia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Spatial distribution of SARS-CoV-2 incidence, social inequality, housing conditions, and density in South-Eastern France: keys for future epidemics.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Greenness and kidney? A review of epidemiological studies on the association between green space and kidney disease.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2024Article
- Exploring the impact of pandemic fear on visitation to park attractions in urban city: A case study in Seoul, South Korea.PloS one · 2024Article
- High incidence of SARS-CoV-2 severe pneumonia in urban metropolitan areas: a suggestive pathogenetic hypothesis.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Exploring the spatial pattern of community urban green spaces and COVID-19 risk in Wuhan based on a random forest model.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Housing situations and local COVID-19 infection dynamics using small-area data.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A Proactive Testing Strategy to COVID-19 for Reopening University Campus during Omicron Wave in Korea: Ewha Safe Campus (ESC) Project.Ewha medical journal · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic disparities and concentration of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the province of Quebec, Canada.BMC public health · 2023Article
- COVID-19 infection rate but not severity is associated with availability of greenness in the United States.Landscape and urban planning · 2023Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
The United States has the highest numbers of confirmed cases and deaths during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Previous studies reported that urban residents are more vulnerable to the spread and mortality of COVID-19 than rural residents. However, the pathways through which urban environments affect COVID-19 spread and mortality are unclear. We collected daily data on the number of confirmed cases and deaths of COVID-19 from Mar. 01 to Nov. 16, 2020 for all 91 counties in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut in the United States. We calculated the COVID-19 incidence %, daily reproduction number, and mortality %, then estimated the associations with urban environment indicators using regression models. COVID-19 outcomes were generally highest in areas with high population density, and this pattern was evident in the early period of epidemic. Among the area-level demographic variables, the percentage of Black or Hispanic residents showed the strongest positive association with COVID-19 outcomes. Higher risk of COVID-19 outcomes was also associated with higher percentage of overcrowded households, uninsured people, and income inequality. The percent elderly, sex ratio (the ratio of males to females), and greenness were negatively associated with risk of COVID-19 outcomes. The results of this study could indicate where resources are most needed.
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