ArticleBiotechnology progress2021
Impact of iron raw materials and their impurities on CHO metabolism and recombinant protein product quality.
Article in Biotechnology progress, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Challenges and solutions for upstream processing of complex biologics.Antibody therapeutics · 2026Review
- Replacement of Isoleucine and Leucine by their Keto Acids leads to increased formation of α-Hydroxy Acids in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells.Biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Impact of Various Forced Oxidative Stress Factors in Rapid Degradation of mAb: Trastuzumab as a Case Study.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
- Taurine, a Naturally Occurring Amino Acid, as a Physical Stability Enhancer of Different Monoclonal Antibodies.The AAPS journal · 2024Article
- Stability and Requirement for Thiamin in a Cell Culture Feed Used to Produce New Biological Entities.Cells · 2023Article
- Copper impurity of iron raw material contributes to improved cell culture performance.Biotechnology progress · 2022Article
- Impact of iron raw materials and their impurities on CHO metabolism and recombinant protein product quality.Biotechnology progress · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell culture medium (CCM) composition affects cell growth and critical quality attributes (CQAs) of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and recombinant proteins. One essential compound needed within the medium is iron because of its central role in many cellular processes. However, iron is also participating in Fenton chemistry leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing cellular damage. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the impact of iron in CCM on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line performance, and CQAs of different recombinant proteins. Addition of either ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) or ferric citrate (FC) into CCM revealed major differences within cell line performance and glycosylation pattern, whereby ammonium was not involved in the observed differences. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis identified varying levels of impurities present within these iron sources, and manganese impurity rather than iron was proven to be the root cause for increased cell growth, titer, and prolonged viability, as well as altered glycosylation levels. Contrary effects on cell performance and protein glycosylation were observed for manganese and iron. The use of low impurity iron raw material is therefore crucial to control the effect of iron and manganese independently and to support and guarantee consistent and reproducible cell culture processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.