ArticleScientific reports2021
Metabolic changes of Interleukin-12/15/18-stimulated human NK cells.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delivering the future of immunotherapy: A state-of-the-art review of gene editing in immune cells with lipid nanoparticles.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Cytokine-induced expandable memory NK cells with significant metabolic, epigenetic remodeling, and persistence properties.Cell death discovery · 2026Article
- Glucose metabolic reprogramming as a driver of immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Viral-host interactions mediated by the mTOR signaling pathway.Cell insight · 2026Review
- Characteristics of NK cells activation following IL-12, IL-15, IL-18 cytokines stimulation for preclinical purposes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cytokine preactivation and ADCC: a potent strategy for enhancing human NK cell effector functions against 3D tumor models.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Rearming mesenchymal stem cells with engineering strategies to combat cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Functional genomics-guided design of CAR-T and CAR-NK therapies in hematological malignancies: aligning cellular engineering with immune escape and microenvironmental resistance.Frontiers in genome editing · 2026Review
- Phenotypic, proteomic, and functional analyses of cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells show two distinct subsets based on CD16 expression.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- The Practical Landscape of Cytokine-Targeted miRNAs to Enhance NK Cell Function in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Bioinformatic Analysis.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Targeting metabolic dysfunction of CD8 T cells and natural killer cells in cancer.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- Primordial Cells Bridging the Gap Between Innate and Adaptive Immunity.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025Review
- The tumor immune microenvironment: implications for cancer immunotherapy, treatment strategies, and monitoring approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- DNMT1 inhibition improves the activity of memory-like natural killer cells by enhancing the level of autophagy.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- CD2 expressing innate lymphoid and T cells are critical effectors of immunopathogenesis in hidradenitis suppurativa.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Review
- Metabolic programs drive function of therapeutic NK cells in hypoxic tumor environments.Science advances · 2024Article
- Sorafenib plus memory-like natural killer cell immunochemotherapy boosts treatment response in liver cancer.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Proteomic and phenotypic characteristics of memory-like natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells acquire memory-like properties following a brief stimulation with IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18. These IL-12/15/18-preactivated NK cells, also known as cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells, have been revealed as a powerful tool in cancer immunotherapy due to their persistence in the host and their increased effector functions. Several studies have shown that NK cells modulate their metabolism in response to cytokine-stimulation and other stimuli, suggesting that there is a link between metabolism and cellular functions. In this paper, we have analyzed metabolic changes associated to IL-12/15/18-stimulation and the relevance of glycolytic pathway for NK cell effector functions. We have found CIML NK cells are able to retain a metabolic profile shifted towards glycolysis seven days after cytokine withdrawal. Furthermore, we found that treatment with 2-DG differently affects distinct NK cell effector functions and is stimuli-dependent. These findings may have implications in the design of NK cell-based cancer immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.