ArticleScientific reports2021
Association between smoking status and outcomes in myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Smoking and outcomes following personalized antiplatelet therapy in chronic coronary syndrome patients: A substudy from the randomized PATH-PCI trial.Clinical cardiology · 2024Trial
- Emerging Prognostic Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Beyond Traditional Risk Assessment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- In-Hospital Mortality of Cardiogenic Shock After Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Novel Mortality Index Unveils Smoking's Role in STEMI Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Addition of Bupropion or Varenicline to Nicotine Replacement Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Propensity-Matched Real-World Analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of Smoking Status on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in STEMI Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Western Iran.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2026Article
- Incorporating the STOP-BANG questionnaire improves prediction of cardiovascular events during hospitalization after myocardial infarction.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of health awareness on myocardial infarction.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2025Article
- Impact of smoking on procedural outcomes and all-cause mortality following acute myocardial infarction: A misleading early-stage pseudoparadox with ultimately reduced survival.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2024Article
- In-Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Literature Overview.Cureus · 2024Review
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- Article
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- A nomogramic model for predicting the left ventricular ejection fraction of STEMI patients after thrombolysis-transfer PCI.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Unfolding the reality of the smoking paradox in a South Asian cohort of patients presenting with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.SAGE open medicine · 2023Article
- Association of body mass index, metabolic health status and clinical outcomes in acute myocardial infarction patients: a national registry-based study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Influence of Risk Factors on Exercise Tolerance in Patients after Myocardial Infarction-Early Cardiac Rehabilitation in Poland.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Ambient Air Pollution and Acute Ischemic Stroke-Effect Modification by Atrial Fibrillation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Comparison of the modified Singapore myocardial infarction registry risk score with GRACE 2.0 in predicting 1-year acute myocardial infarction outcomes.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Association between baseline smoking status and clinical outcomes following myocardial infarction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking is one of the leading risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, including ischemic heart disease and hypertension. However, in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, smoking has been associated with better clinical outcomes, a phenomenon termed the "smoker's paradox." Given the known detrimental effects of smoking on the cardiovascular system, it has been proposed that the beneficial effect of smoking on outcomes is due to age differences between smokers and non-smokers and is therefore a smoker's pseudoparadox. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between smoking status and clinical outcomes in ST-segment elevation (STEMI) and non-STEMI (NSTEMI) patients treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), using a national multi-ethnic Asian registry. In unadjusted analyses, current smokers had better clinical outcomes following STEMI and NSTEMI. However, after adjusting for age, the protective effect of smoking was lost, confirming a smoker's pseudoparadox. Interestingly, although current smokers had increased risk for recurrent MI within 1 year after PCI in both STEMI and NSTEMI patients, there was no increase in mortality. In summary, we confirm the existence of a smoker's pseudoparadox in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort of STEMI and NSTEMI patients and report increased risk of recurrent MI, but not mortality, in smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.