Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33741420›Full record

ReviewSurvey of ophthalmology

Artificial intelligence: the unstoppable revolution in ophthalmology.

David Benet, Oscar J Pellicer-Valero

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Survey of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. A Review of the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology Imaging: Approximation to Ocular Histopathology.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Artificial intelligence in pediatric myopia - a narrative review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology clinical trials: a narrative review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review on Advancement of AI in Cell Engineering and Molecular Biology.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Diagnostic capabilities of ChatGPT in ophthalmology.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

David BenetIndependent Researcher, Spain. Electronic address: davidbenetferrus@gmail.com.
Oscar J Pellicer-ValeroIntelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, Department of Electronic Engineering, ETSE (Engineering School), Universitat de València (UV), Valencia, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an unstoppable force that is starting to permeate all aspects of our society as part of the revolution being brought into our lives (and into medicine) by the digital era, and accelerated by the current COVID-19 pandemic. As the population ages and developing countries move forward, AI-based systems may be a key asset in streamlining the screening, staging, and treatment planning of sight-threatening eye conditions, offloading the most tedious tasks from the experts, allowing for a greater population coverage, and bringing the best possible care to every patient. This paper presents a review of the state of the art of AI in the field of ophthalmology, focusing on the strengths and weaknesses of current systems, and defining the vision that will enable us to advance scientifically in this digital era. It starts with a thorough yet accessible introduction to the algorithms underlying all modern AI applications. Then, a critical review of the main AI applications in ophthalmology is presented, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, glaucoma, and other AI-related topics such as image enhancement. The review finishes with a brief discussion on the opportunities and challenges that the future of this field might hold.

Indexed as

COVID-19GlaucomaOphthalmologyArtificial IntelligenceHumansInfant, NewbornPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Age-related macular degenerationArtificial intelligenceDeep learningDiabetic retinopathyGlaucomaMachine learningOphthalmologyOptical coherence tomographyRetinaRetinopathy of prematurity

Identifiers

PMID33741420
PMCPMC9757817

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.