ArticleBMC infectious diseases2021
Risk factors for measles deaths among children during a Nationwide measles outbreak - Romania, 2016-2018.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Measles: A Narrative Review of Current Therapeutic Options and Implications for the Future.Viruses · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal Dynamics of the 2025-2026 Measles Outbreak in Mexico: Jalisco as the Emerging Epicenter and the Impact of Intensive Immunization Efforts.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Subcutaneous emphysema as a complication of measles: A case series of nine pediatric patients from Ethiopia.IDCases · 2026Article
- Coverage and predictors of full measles-rubella immunization among children aged 24-59 months in Northern Ghana: a post measles outbreak assessment.BMC public health · 2025Article
- A Nationwide Seroprevalence Study for Measles in Individuals of Fertile Age in Romania.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and Evaluation of a New Measles Detection Assay Using Real-Time RT-PCR.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Trend and forecast of measles disease, in East Gojjam Zone, Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023: a crossectional study.BMC research notes · 2024Article
- Disease Progression, Clinical Features, and Risk Factors for Pneumonia in Unvaccinated Children and Adolescents with Measles: A Re-Emerging Disease in Romania.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The effect of child malnourishment on measles spread amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2022Article
- Measles outbreak in the Philippines: epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized children, 2016-2019.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2022Article
- Review of the measles epidemic in children from Central Eastern Europe in the third millennium.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCase fatality ratio (CFR) among all age groups during the 2016-2018 measles outbreak in Romania was increased compared with previous outbreaks. To identify risk factors for measles death, we conducted a case-control study among infants and children hospitalized for measles.
methodsNational surveillance data were used to identify hospitalized cases of laboratory-confirmed or epidemiologically linked measles in infants and children aged < 59 months with rash onset from January 2016 to July 2018. We abstracted medical records of 50 fatal cases ("cases") and 250 non-fatal cases ("controls") matched by age, sex, district of residence, and urban/rural place of residence. We calculated univariable and multivariable matched odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk factors.
resultsNinety-three percent of case-patients and controls had not received a valid dose of a measles-containing vaccine; only 5 % received Vitamin A supplementation once diagnosed with measles. In the univariable analysis, cases were more likely than controls to have had a healthcare-related exposure to measles manifesting as inpatient admission for pneumonia during the 7 to 21 day measles incubation period (OR: 3.0; 95% CI [1.2, 7.2]), to have had a history of malnutrition (OR: 3.4; 95% CI [1.1, 9.9]), and to have had pneumonia as a complication of measles (OR:7.1; 95% CI [2.0-24.8]). In the multivariable analysis, pneumonia as a measles complication remained a risk for death (OR: 7.1; 95% CI [1.4-35.3]).
conclusionsImplementing infection prevention and control practices, ensuring immunization of healthcare workers, and hospitalizing only severe measles cases may minimize the risk of nosocomial measles transmission. Implementing World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for Vitamin A supplementation, improving immunization of children to prevent influenza, pneumococcal, and other bacterial respiratory diseases may decrease complications and deaths due to measles in Romania.
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