Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33740458›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2021

The landscape of autosomal-recessive pathogenic variants in European populations reveals phenotype-specific effects.

Hila Fridman, Helger G Yntema, Reedik Mägi, Reidar Andreson, Andres Metspalu, Massimo Mezzavila, Chris Tyler-Smith, Yali Xue, Shai Carmi, Ephrat Levy-Lahad and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
9.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Kidney international reports · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

Hila FridmanBraun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel; Medical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
Helger G YntemaDepartment of Human Genetics and Donders Center for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands.
Reedik MägiEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Reidar AndresonEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Andres MetspaluEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.
Massimo MezzavilaInstitute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste 34137, Italy.
Chris Tyler-SmithThe Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
Yali XueThe Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.
Shai CarmiBraun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
Ephrat Levy-LahadMedical Genetics Institute, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel; Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
Christian GilissenDepartment of Human Genetics and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands. Electronic address: christian.gilissen@radboudumc.nl.
Han G BrunnerDepartment of Human Genetics and Donders Center for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental Biology and MHENS School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, Maastricht 6202AZ, the Netherlands. Electronic address: han.brunner@radboudumc.nl.
Hebrew University of Jerusalem · ILRadboud University Nijmegen · NLUniversity of Tartu · EEWellcome Sanger Institute · GBIRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo · IT

Funding

Wellcome Trust 098051
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The number and distribution of recessive alleles in the population for various diseases are not known at genome-wide-scale. Based on 6,447 exome sequences of healthy, genetically unrelated Europeans of two distinct ancestries, we estimate that every individual is a carrier of at least 2 pathogenic variants in currently known autosomal-recessive (AR) genes and that 0.8%-1% of European couples are at risk of having a child affected with a severe AR genetic disorder. This risk is 16.5-fold higher for first cousins but is significantly more increased for skeletal disorders and intellectual disabilities due to their distinct genetic architecture.

Indexed as

ConsanguinityFamily CharacteristicsPhenotypeCohort StudiesEuropeExomeFemaleGenes, RecessiveGenetic TestingGenetic VariationHealthHeterozygoteHumansIntellectual DisabilityMaleWhite Peopleat-risk couplesautosomal recessive disorderscarrier frequencypre-conception carrier screeningselection

Identifiers

PMID33740458
PMCPMC8059335
OpenAlexW3136051525

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.