SynthesisPain physician2021
Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in Pain Management: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Pain physician, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral nerve stimulation for lower-limb postoperative recovery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.PsyCh journal · 2025Pooled it
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in Postoperative Analgesia: A Narrative Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Pooled it
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Pooled it
- Mechanistically informed non-invasive peripheral nerve stimulation for peripheral neuropathic pain: a randomised double-blind sham-controlled trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Trial
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation of C2-C3 Nerves for Management of Headaches: A Description of a Novel Technique.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Subcutaneous Neuromodulation Activates Central Pain-Suppression Pathways for Analgesia.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Perioperative Care in Oncologic Surgical Cases: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Peripheral nerve stimulation targeting the trochanteric branch of the femoral nerve for refractory greater trochanteric pain syndrome followed by dorsal root ganglion stimulation: A case report and mechanistic perspective.Interventional pain medicine · 2026Article
- [Peripheral nerve stimulation-A new perspective in surgical pain treatment].Schmerz (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Effects of non-invasive multimodal transcutaneous electrotherapy on pain and posture associated with lumbar radicular pain: A case series.SAGE open medical case reports · 2026Article
- Symptom reduction and patient satisfaction after surgical therapy of Meralgia paresthetica - A bicentric retrospective analysis.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Direct cost of ultrasound-guided outpatient medical procedures for patients with pain.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2026Article
- Temporal interference stimulation of peripheral nerves induces functionally diverse limb movements revealed by automated pose estimation and unsupervised behavioral analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Low Back Pain: A Review of the Recent Literature.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- Peripheral nerve stimulation for the treatment of anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome: A case report and literature review.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
- How to Improve Cognitive Flexibility: Evidence From Noninvasive Neuromodulation Techniques.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Cancer pain: molecular mechanisms and management.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Micro-Coil Neuromodulation at Single-Cell and Circuit Levels for Inhibiting Natural Neuroactivity, Neutralizing Electric Neural Excitation, and Suppressing Seizures.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Review of Guidelines for Implantable Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) in the Management of Chronic Pain.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Review
- PNS for management of intercostal neuralgia: A case report.Interventional pain medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has been increasingly used to manage acute and chronic pain. However, the level of clinical evidence to support its use is not clear.
objectivesTo assess the clinical evidence of PNS in the treatment of acute or chronic pain. STUDY
designA systematic review of the efficacy and safety of PNS in managing acute or chronic pain.
methodsData sources were PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, CINAHL Plus, Google Scholar, and reference lists. The literature search was performed up to December 2019. Study selection included randomized trials, observational studies, and case reports of PNS in acute or chronic pain. Data extraction and methodological quality assessment were performed utilizing Cochrane review methodologic quality assessment and Interventional Pain Management Techniques-Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment (IPM-QRB) and Interventional Pain Management Techniques-Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment for Nonrandomized Studies (IPM-QRBNR). The evidence was summarized utilizing principles of best evidence synthesis on a scale of 1 to 5. Data syntheses: 227 studies met inclusion criteria and were included in qualitative synthesis.
resultsEvidence synthesis based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies showed Level I and II evidence of PNS in chronic migraine headache; Level II evidence in cluster headache, postamputation pain, chronic pelvic pain, chronic low back and lower extremity pain; and Level IV evidence in peripheral neuropathic pain, and postsurgical pain. Peripheral field stimulation has Level II evidence in chronic low back pain, and Level IV evidence in cranial pain. LIMITATIONS: Lack of high-quality RCTs. Meta-analysis was not possible due to wide variations in experimental design, research protocol, and heterogeneity of study population.
conclusionsThe findings of this systematic review suggest that PNS may be effective in managing chronic headaches, postamputation pain, chronic pelvic pain, and chronic low back and lower extremity pain, with variable levels of evidence in favor of this technique.
Indexed as
Identifiers
33740342PMC8897810W3138829522What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.