ArticleArchives of endocrinology and metabolism2021
Galanin and glypican-4 levels depending on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Article in Archives of endocrinology and metabolism, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unraveling the complexities of diet induced obesity and glucolipid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Evaluation of circulating glypican 4 as a novel biomarker in disease - A comprehensive review.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Increased GPC4 and clusterin associated with insulin resistance in patients with PCOS.Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Can Galanin Be Used as a Marker of Microvascular Dysfunction in Prehypertensives?Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni · 2024Article
- [Neuroendocrine features of the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (literature review)].Problemy endokrinologii · 2023Article
- Orexin antagonism and substance-P: Effects and interactions on polycystic ovary syndrome in the wistar rats.Journal of ovarian research · 2023Article
- Transcriptomic survey of key reproductive and metabolic tissues in mouse models of polycystic ovary syndrome.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Neuroendocrine Determinants of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Glypican-4 in pregnancy and its relation to glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and gestational diabetes mellitus status.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Central Regulation of PCOS: Abnormal Neuronal-Reproductive-Metabolic Circuits in PCOS Pathophysiology.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveGalanin is a neuropeptide which has effects not only on metabolic syndrome but also on reproduction. Glypican-4 is an adipokine associated with insulin sensitivity by interacting directly with the insulin receptor. This study evaluated serum concentrations of galanin and glypican-4 in relation with the hormonal profile as well as metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
methodsA total of 44 women with PCOS and 44 age-matched controls were eligible. Hirsutism scores, hormonal profile, metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors as well as galanin and glypican-4 levels were evaluated in each subject.
resultsWomen with PCOS exhibited lower levels of galanin (20.2 pg/mL versus 26.4 pg/mL, p = 0.002) and higher concentrations of glypican-4 (3.1 ng/mL versus 2.6 ng/mL, p < 0.001) than controls. Both adipokines were correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), insulin, triglyceride and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) index; glypican-4 also showed positive correlations with fasting blood glucose, free testosterone, modified Ferriman-Gallwey scores (p < 0.05). Multiple Linear Regression analyses showed that PCOS and BMI were the best predictors affecting galanin levels with a decreasing and increasing effect respectively; however BMI was the best predictor affecting glypican-4 levels with an increasing effect (p < 0.001).
conclusionGalanin levels were lower and glypican-4 levels were higher in women with PCOS than controls. Further studies are needed to determine whether these adipokines could be used as additional markers for insulin sensitivity and lipid profile and whether they might play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, in which metabolic cardiovascular risks are increased.
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