ArticleThe Journal of school health2021
Intersectional Differences in Protective School Assets by Sexuality, Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status.
Article in The Journal of school health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- University music club participation, belonging, identity development, and agency: an exploratory pretest-posttest study with attention to gender-marginalized students.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Resilience and traumatic stress among Latinx english language learners: a cross-sectional study of students from an urban school district.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Providing LGBTQ+ Adolescents With Nurturance, Trustworthiness, and Safety: A Community-Informed, Theory-Grounded, Evidence-Based Intervention for High School Staff.Psychology of sexual orientation and gender diversity · 2025Article
- Providing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Nonbinary, and Queer Adolescents With Nurturance, Trustworthiness, and Safety: Protocol for Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial Design.JMIR research protocols · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSchool assets-such as connectedness, caring relationships with adults, high behavioral expectations from adults, and meaningful participation-are associated with positive outcomes for adolescents. However, little is known about how school assets differ among adolescents with intersecting marginalized identities.
methodsWe used the 2013-2014 California Healthy Kids Survey (N = 320,462 students) to examine differences in school assets with respect to sexuality, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status using adjusted multilevel linear regression models.
resultsSexual minority, gender minority, racial/ethnic minority, and low socioeconomic status adolescents had significantly lower protective school assets. For all outcomes, the differences between sexual minority and heterosexual adolescents were more pronounced among nontransgender girls than nontransgender boys; however, these differences were not consistently present among racial/ethnic minority students. For school connectedness and meaningful participation, differences for racial/ethnic minorities versus white adolescents were more pronounced among nontransgender girls than nontransgender boys. Differences between transgender adolescents and nontransgender boys were more pronounced for white adolescents compared to some other racial/ethnic minority students. Overall, adolescents with certain multiple marginalized identities had lower school assets.
conclusionsInterventions are needed to strengthen school assets among marginalized students, thereby helping mitigate health and education inequities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.