Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33739379›Full record

ArticlePain medicine (Malden, Mass.)2021

A Mixed-Methods Investigation into Patients' Decisions to Attend an Emergency Department for Chronic Pain.

Bernadette Brady, Toni Andary, Sheng Min Pang, Sarah Dennis, Pranee Liamputtong, Robert Boland, Elise Tcharkhedian, Matthew Jennings, Natalie Pavlovic, Marguerite Zind and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The minimal clinically important difference for the patient activation measure in a culturally and linguistically diverse cohort with chronic conditions.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Bernadette BradySchool of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2611-6736
Toni AndaryFairfield Hospital, Fairfield, NSW, Australia.
Sheng Min PangFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Sarah DennisFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Pranee LiamputtongSchool of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
Robert BolandFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Elise TcharkhedianLiverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.
Matthew JenningsSchool of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
Natalie PavlovicFairfield Hospital, Fairfield, NSW, Australia.
Marguerite ZindSchool of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.
Paul MiddletonLiverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia.
Lucy ChipchaseSchool of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study explored factors that underpin decisions to seek emergency department (ED) care for chronic noncancer pain in patients identifying as culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) or Australian born. DESIGN AND

methodsThis mixed-methods study was underpinned by the Behavioral Model of Health Services Use conceptual framework. Consenting consecutive patients attending the ED for a chronic pain condition were recruited to a CALD (n = 45) or Australian-born (n = 45) cohort. Statistical comparisons compared the demographic, pain, health literacy, and episode of care profiles of both cohorts. Twenty-three CALD and 16 Australian-born participants consented to an audio-recorded semi-structured interview (n = 24) or focus group (n = 5 focus groups) conducted in their preferred language. Interviews were translated and transcribed into English for analysis using applied thematic analysis, guided by the conceptual framework. Data were triangulated to investigate the patterns of ED utilization and contributing factors for both cohorts.

resultsED attendance was a product of escalating distress, influenced by the degree to which participants' perceived needs outweighed their capacity to manage their pain. This interaction was amplified by the presence of predisposing factors, including constrained social positions, trauma exposure, and biomedical health beliefs. Importantly, experiences varied between the two cohorts with higher degrees of pain catastrophizing, lower health literacy, and greater social challenges present for the CALD cohort.

conclusionThis study highlights the role contextual factors play in amplifying pain-related distress for CALD and Australian-born patients with chronic pain. The findings support a need for health care providers to recognize features of higher vulnerability and consider streamlining access to available support services.

Indexed as

Chronic PainAnalgesics, OpioidAustraliaEmergency Service, HospitalHealth Services AccessibilityHumansAnalgesics, OpioidAndersen ModelChronic PainCulturally and Linguistically DiverseEmergency DepartmentEthnocultureMixed-Methods

Identifiers

PMID33739379
PMCPMC8500722

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.