ReviewEuropean journal of immunology2021
Complement cascade in severe forms of COVID-19: Recent advances in therapy.
Review in European journal of immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 Clinical Practice Guideline Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America on the Treatment and Management of COVID-19: Vilobelimab.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Guideline
- Complement Inhibition in Geographic Atrophy: Clinical Evidence for Pegcetacoplan and Avacincaptad Pegol.Cureus · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Clinical Value of Complement C3a, C5a, and sC5b-9 in Evaluating the Severity of Patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Endothelial Glycocalyx Anomalies and Ocular Manifestations in Patients with Post-Acute COVID-19.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Cyclic Peptide C5aR1 Antagonist Design Using Solution Conformational Analysis Derived from Residual Dipolar Couplings.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Enhanced complement activation and MAC formation accelerates severe COVID-19.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- A Histological Analysis and Detection of Complement Regulatory Protein CD55 in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Lungs.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Longitudinal plasma proteomic analysis of 1117 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 identifies features associated with severity and outcomes.Science advances · 2024Article
- Emerging role of complement in COVID-19 and other respiratory virus diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- CCR5/CXCR3 antagonist TAK-779 prevents diffuse alveolar damage of the lung in the murine model of the acute respiratory distress syndrome.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems in spotlight of COVID-19.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Review
- Clinical and immunological outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with inborn errors of immunity receiving different brands and doses of COVID-19 vaccines.Tuberkuloz ve toraks · 2023Article
- Therapeutic considerations for prevention and treatment of thrombotic events in COVID-19.Thrombosis update · 2023Review
- Article
- Selective IgA Deficiency May Be an Underrecognized Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Article
- A likely association between low mannan-binding lectin level and brain fog onset in long COVID patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Article
- Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Prolonged COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) and the role of complement system in disease pathogenesis.Molecular immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune system. The three complement pathways (classical, lectin, alternative) are directly or indirectly activated by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). In the most severe forms of COVID-19, overactivation of the complement system may contribute to the cytokine storm, endothelial inflammation (endotheliitis) and thrombosis. No antiviral drug has yet been shown to be effective in COVID-19. Therefore, immunotherapies represent a promising therapeutic in the immunopathological phase (following the viral phase) of the disease. Complement blockade, mostly C5a-C5aR axis blockade, may prevent acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) from worsening or progression to death. Clinical trials are underway.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.