ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Age-Related Changes in Malaria Clinical Phenotypes During Infancy Are Modified by Sickle Cell Trait.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02793622 (Prevention of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prevention of Malaria in HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women and Infants
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infectious pathogens associated with stillbirth and under-five mortality by sickle cell disease in Western Kenya: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Natural History and the Burden of Malaria During the First Year of Life in the High-Transmission Setting of Uganda.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Malaria in children aged <6 months: a narrative review of current evidence, recommendations and practice gaps.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Review
- Impact of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, and their combination on infant outcomes: A randomized controlled trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Clinical immunity to malaria involves epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review on Sex and Gender Differences in the Adverse Health Outcomes of Individuals with Sickle Cell Trait.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Natural killer cell antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity toClinical & translational immunology · 2024Article
- Plasmodium malariae infections as a cause of febrile disease in an area of high Plasmodium falciparum transmission intensity in Eastern Uganda.Malaria journal · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfants are protected against Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Mechanisms that drive this protection remain unclear due to a poor understanding of malaria clinical phenotypes during infancy.
methodsWe enrolled a birth cohort of 678 infants in Busia, Uganda, an area of high malaria transmission. We followed infants through 12 months of age and quantified protection against parasitemia and clinical disease.
resultsSymptomatic malaria incidence increased from 1.2 to 2.6 episodes per person-year between 0 and <6 months and between 6 and 12 months of age, while the monthly probability of asymptomatic parasitemia given infection decreased from 32% to 21%. Sickle cell trait (HbAS) was protective against symptomatic malaria (incidence rate ratio = 0.57 comparing HbAS vs hemoglobin AA (HbAA); 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.74; P < .001), but age modified this relationship (Pint = <0.001), with nonlinear protection that waned between 0 and 9 months of age before increasing. Increasing age was associated with higher parasite densities at the time of infection and, in infants with HbAS, a reduced ability to tolerate high parasite densities without fever.
conclusionsAge-dependent changes in HbAS protective efficacy in infancy were accompanied by differential loss of antiparasite and antidisease protection among HbAS and HbAA infants. This provides a framework for investigating the mechanisms that underlie infant protection against malaria. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02793622.
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