ArticleTherapeutic advances in neurological disorders2021
Observational cohort study of neurological involvement among patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analysis of Cognitive Function Following Non-severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Neuropsychology review · 2025Pooled it
- Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Chemical senses · 2023Pooled it
- Cerebrospinal fluid analysis in patients with COVID-19-associated central nervous system manifestations: a systematic review.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2022Pooled it
- Role of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Elderly Patients: Therapeutic Opportunity or Medical Futility? An Updated Narrative Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Acute and long-term effects of COVID-19 on brain and mental health: A narrative review.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Review
- Prevalence and prognostic value of neurological affections in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 based on objective assessments.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Neurologic Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Transmitted among Dogs.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Alzheimer's disease risk after COVID-19: a view from the perspective of the infectious hypothesis of neurodegeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Brain stem encephalitis is a rare complication of COVID-19.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2023Article
- Post-COVID-19 Syndrome is Rarely Associated with Damage of the Nervous System: Findings from a Prospective Observational Cohort Study in 171 Patients.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- COVID-19-Related Burden and Risk Perception in Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy and Multifocal Motor Neuropathy: A Cross-Sectional Study.Neurology and therapy · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Neurological involvement associated with COVID-19 disease: a study on psychosocial factors.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and Parkinson's Disease-Many Issues Need to Be Clarified-A Critical Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Covid-19, nervous system pathology, and Parkinson's disease: Bench to bedside.International review of neurobiology · 2022Article
- Secondary Immunodeficiency and Risk of Infection Following Immune Therapies in Neurology.CNS drugs · 2021Review
- COVID-19 outcomes of 10,881 patients: retrospective study of neurological symptoms and associated manifestations (Philippine CORONA Study).Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Article
- MOG antibody-associated encephalitis secondary to Covid-19: case report.BMC neurology · 2021Article
- Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Covid-19 Infection and Parkinsonism: Is There a Link?Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA growing number of reports suggest that infection with SARS-CoV-2 often leads to neurological involvement; however, data on the incidence and severity are limited to mainly case reports and retrospective studies.
methodsThis prospective, cross-sectional study of 102 SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients investigated the frequency, type, severity and risk factors as well as underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological involvement (NIV) in COVID-19 patients.
resultsAcross the cohort, 59.8% of patients had NIV. Unspecific NIV was suffered by 24.5%, mainly general weakness and cognitive decline or delirium. Mild NIV was found in 9.8%; most commonly, impaired taste or smell. Severe NIV was present in 23.5%; half of these suffered cerebral ischaemia. Incidence of NIV increased with respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. Mortality was higher with increasing NIV severity. Notably, 83.3% with severe NIV had a pre-existing neurological co-morbidity. All cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody quotient did not suggest intrathecal antibody synthesis. Of the patients with severe NIV, 50% had blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and showed a trend of elevated interleukin levels in CSF. Antibodies against neuronal and glial epitopes were detected in 35% of the patients tested.
conclusionCerebrovascular events were the most frequent severe NIV and severe NIV was associated with high mortality. Incidence of NIV increased with respiratory symptoms and NIV and pre-existing neurological morbidities were independent risk factors for fatality. Inflammatory involvement due to BBB disruption and cytokine release drives NIV, rather than direct viral invasion. These findings might help physicians define a further patient group requiring particular attention during the pandemic.
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