ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Tick Immune System: What Is Known, the Interconnections, the Gaps, and the Challenges.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed, 134 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathogenicity and virulence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus: From enzootic maintenance to severe human disease.Virulence · 2026Review
- Cellular immune response of Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma americanum to entomopathogenic fungi: Implications for biological tick control.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2026Article
- Tick-borne viruses: discovery, clinical aspects, influencing factors and control.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- mGem: A tale as old as blood-do tick-borne pathogens exploit arthropod antioxidant defenses?mBio · 2026Review
- Host, vector, and parasite dynamics: exploring intrinsic and extrinsic factors shaping tick-borne filarial nematode transmission.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Droplet digital PCR-based pathogen monitoring system improves identifying Haemaphysalis longicornis infected with Bandavirus dabieense and other tick-borne pathogens at low concentrations.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- RmTIL, a cysteine-rich protein as a putative microbiota modulator from Rhipicephalus microplus tick.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Immune-mediated microbial interference governsiScience · 2026Article
- Current Knowledge on Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Interaction with Ticks: Acquisition, Dissemination, and Persistence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A lipid-binding protein in black-legged tick saliva selectively recognizesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A non-canonical JAK/STAT pathway promotes viral replication through the lipoprotein receptor-related protein in ticks.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- De Novo assembly and analysis of the transcriptome of the Hyalomma anatolicum genes differentially expressed in normal morphology and disability.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Article
- Unlocking the Black Box: The Molecular Dialogue Between ASFV and Its Tick Host.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of defensin expression inFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Microbiota-immune crosstalk in livestock: implications for tick-borne disease control.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Non-lethal heat shock unlocksFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Characterization of two novel defensins Han-Def1 and Han-Def2 fromFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Triploidy drives vector capacity and expansion of the parthenogenetic tick Haemaphysalis longicornis.Communications biology · 2025Article
- An atlas for tick immune cells.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ticks are ectoparasitic arthropods that necessarily feed on the blood of their vertebrate hosts. The success of blood acquisition depends on the pharmacological properties of tick saliva, which is injected into the host during tick feeding. Saliva is also used as a vehicle by several types of pathogens to be transmitted to the host, making ticks versatile vectors of several diseases for humans and other animals. When a tick feeds on an infected host, the pathogen reaches the gut of the tick and must migrate to its salivary glands
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.