Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33737751›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2021

Gene replacement of α-globin with β-globin restores hemoglobin balance in β-thalassemia-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

M Kyle Cromer, Joab Camarena, Renata M Martin, Benjamin J Lesch, Christopher A Vakulskas, Nicole M Bode, Gavin Kurgan, Michael A Collingwood, Garrett R Rettig, Mark A Behlke and 13 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. New Gene Therapy Strategy for β-Thalassemia.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
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  7. Review
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  9. Article
  10. Article
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  12. A differentiated β-globin gene replacement strategy uses heterologous introns to restore physiological expression.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.

M Kyle Cromer *Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8198-5010
Joab Camarena *Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3102-5820
Renata M MartinDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-4260
Benjamin J LeschDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Christopher A VakulskasIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8510-4332
Nicole M BodeIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-303X
Gavin KurganIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-1427
Michael A CollingwoodIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4038
Garrett R RettigIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-5787
Mark A BehlkeIntegrated DNA Technologies, Inc., Coralville, IA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-857X
Viktor T LemgartDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Yankai ZhangDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Ankush GoyalDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Feifei ZhaoDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Ezequiel PonceDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Waracharee SrifaDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6821-2451
Rasmus O BakDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-0297
Naoya UchidaCellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6322-8991
Ravindra MajetiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5814-0984
Vivien A SheehanDivision of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
John F TisdaleCellular and Molecular Therapeutics Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Daniel P DeverDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. ddever1@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5966-4803
Matthew H PorteusDepartment of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. mporteus@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-4648
Stanford University · USIntegrated DNA Technologies (United States) · USBaylor College of Medicine · USCalifornia Institute for Regenerative Medicine · USNational Institutes of Health · USAarhus University · DKStanford Medicine · US

Funding

Program in Translational and Experimental HematologyT32HL120824 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MAJETI, RAVINDRA · 2014 to 2023
$2.4M
Homologous Recombination Mediated Gene Correction for the HemoglobinopathiesR01HL135607 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI PORTEUS, MATTHEW H · 2018 to 2021
$1.6M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL135607NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL120824
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

β-Thalassemia pathology is due not only to loss of β-globin (HBB), but also to erythrotoxic accumulation and aggregation of the β-globin-binding partner, α-globin (HBA1/2). Here we describe a Cas9/AAV6-mediated genome editing strategy that can replace the entire HBA1 gene with a full-length HBB transgene in β-thalassemia-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which is sufficient to normalize β-globin:α-globin messenger RNA and protein ratios and restore functional adult hemoglobin tetramers in patient-derived red blood cells. Edited HSPCs were capable of long-term and bilineage hematopoietic reconstitution in mice, establishing proof of concept for replacement of HBA1 with HBB as a novel therapeutic strategy for curing β-thalassemia.

Indexed as

Genetic Therapyalpha-GlobinsAnemia, Sickle CellAnimalsAntigens, CD34beta-Globinsbeta-ThalassemiaDependovirusErythrocytesGene EditingGenes, ReporterGenetic LociHematopoietic Stem CellsHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationHemoglobinsHumansalpha-GlobinsAntigens, CD34beta-GlobinsHemoglobins

Identifiers

PMID33737751
PMCPMC8265212
OpenAlexW3139072928

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.