ArticleScientific reports2021
Intranasal administration of the chemotherapeutic perillyl alcohol results in selective delivery to the cerebrospinal fluid in rats.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimized mucus adhesion and penetration of lipid-polymer nanoparticles enables effective nose-to-brain delivery of perillyl alcohol for glioblastoma therapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Intranasal Terpene Treatment for Glioblastoma: the Neuro-Oncological Potential of Perillyl Alcohol.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Delivery of circDYM by Perillyl Alcohol Nanoemulsion Alleviates LPS-Induced Depressive-Like Behaviors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The Nasal-Brain Drug Delivery Route: Mechanisms and Applications to Central Nervous System Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Article
- Activation of the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway mediates the neuroprotective effect of Perillyl alcohol against cerebral hypoxic-ischemic damage in neonatal rats.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2024Article
- Current Combinatorial Therapeutic Aspects: The Future Prospect for Glioblastoma Treatment.Current medical science · 2024Review
- Detection of perillyl alcohol and its metabolite perillic acid in postsurgical glioblastoma tissue after intranasal administration of NEO100: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2022Article
- The Monoterpenoid Perillyl Alcohol: Anticancer Agent and Medium to Overcome Biological Barriers.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Perillyl alcohol (POH) has been extensively studied for the treatment of peripheral and primary brain tumors. The intranasal route of administration has been preferred for dosing POH in early-stage clinical trials associated with promising outcomes in primary brain cancer. However, it is unclear how intranasal POH targets brain tumors in these patients. Multiple studies indicate that intranasally applied large molecules may enter the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through direct olfactory and trigeminal nerve-associated pathways originating in the nasal mucosa that bypass the blood-brain barrier. It is unknown whether POH, a small molecule subject to extensive nasal metabolism and systemic absorption, may also undergo direct transport to brain or CSF from the nasal mucosa. Here, we compared CSF and plasma concentrations of POH and its metabolite, perillic acid (PA), following intranasal or intravascular POH application. Samples were collected over 70 min and assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Intranasal administration resulted in tenfold higher CSF-to-plasma ratios for POH and tenfold higher CSF levels for PA compared to equal dose intravascular administration. Our preclinical results demonstrate POH undergoes direct transport from the nasal mucosa to the CSF, a finding with potential significance for its efficacy as an intranasal chemotherapeutic for brain cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.