Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33737535›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Characterizing the Qatar advanced-phase SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.

Laith J Abu-Raddad, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H Ayoub, Zaina Al Kanaani, Abdullatif Al Khal, Einas Al Kuwari, Adeel A Butt, Peter Coyle, Andrew Jeremijenko, Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

89 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. SARS-CoV-2 infection risk by non-healthcare occupations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025
    Review
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29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Laith J Abu-RaddadInfectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation - Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar. lja2002@qatar-med.cornell.edu.
Hiam ChemaitellyInfectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation - Education City, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
Houssein H AyoubDepartment of Mathematics, Statistics, and Physics, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Zaina Al KanaaniHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Abdullatif Al KhalHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Einas Al KuwariHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Adeel A ButtHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Peter CoyleHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Andrew JeremijenkoHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Anvar Hassan KaleeckalHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Ali Nizar LatifHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Robert C OwenHamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Hanan F Abdul RahimCollege of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Samya A Al AbdullaPrimary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Mohamed G Al KuwariPrimary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Mujeeb C KandyPrimary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Hatoun SaebPrimary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Shazia Nadeem N AhmedMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Hamad Eid Al RomaihiMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Devendra BansalMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Louise DaltonMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Mohamed H Al-ThaniMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.
Roberto BertolliniMinistry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar.

Funding

Qatar National Research Fund NPRP grant number 9-040-3-008 and NPRP grant number 12S-0216-190094
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The overarching objective of this study was to provide the descriptive epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Qatar by addressing specific research questions through a series of national epidemiologic studies. Sources of data were the centralized and standardized national databases for SARS-CoV-2 infection. By July 10, 2020, 397,577 individuals had been tested for SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR), of whom 110,986 were positive, a positivity cumulative rate of 27.9% (95% CI 27.8-28.1%). As of July 5, case severity rate, based on World Health Organization (WHO) severity classification, was 3.4% and case fatality rate was 1.4 per 1,000 persons. Age was by far the strongest predictor of severe, critical, or fatal infection. PCR positivity of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs in a national community survey (May 6-7) including 1,307 participants was 14.9% (95% CI 11.5-19.0%); 58.5% of those testing positive were asymptomatic. Across 448 ad-hoc testing campaigns in workplaces and residential areas including 26,715 individuals, pooled mean PCR positivity was 15.6% (95% CI 13.7-17.7%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence was 24.0% (95% CI 23.3-24.6%) in 32,970 residual clinical blood specimens. Antibody prevalence was only 47.3% (95% CI 46.2-48.5%) in those who had at least one PCR positive result, but 91.3% (95% CI 89.5-92.9%) among those who were PCR positive > 3 weeks before serology testing. Qatar has experienced a large SARS-CoV-2 epidemic that is rapidly declining, apparently due to growing immunity levels in the population.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAsymptomatic InfectionsChildChild, PreschoolCOVID-19COVID-19 Nucleic Acid TestingCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedQatar

Identifiers

PMID33737535
PMCPMC7973743

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.