ArticleBMJ open2021
Evaluating access to health and care services during lockdown by the COVID-19 survey in five UK national longitudinal studies.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Interactive Remote Patient Monitoring Devices for Managing Chronic Health Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- The consequences of COVID-19 lockdown for formal and informal resource utilization among home-dwelling people with dementia: results from the prospective PAN.DEM study.BMC health services research · 2021Trial
- Ethics and Inequities in the Context of Urgency : A Qualitative Study With Stakeholders on COVID-19 Decision-Making in Germany and Israel.Journal of bioethical inquiry · 2026Article
- The Changes Over 15 Years Within a Pediatric Chronic Pain Service.Paediatric & neonatal pain · 2026Article
- Socio-Demographic Inequalities in COVID-19 Health Care Access and Experiences in the United Kingdom: Intersectional and Mixed-Methods Analyses of Open and Closed Questions in a Prospective Cohort Study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Article
- Mapping strategies for reducing inequalities in adult elective surgical care in the United Kingdom: a living scoping review.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Trends in recorded deaths involving antipsychotics: The role of deprivation, ethnicity, and regional disparities.PloS one · 2026Article
- Inequality in provider and patient-initiated healthcare cancellations during Covid-19.Economics and human biology · 2025Article
- Factors associated with unmet medical needs among middle-aged and older adults in China during COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2025Article
- The association between coding for chronic kidney disease and kidney replacement therapy incidence at CCG-level in England: an ecological study.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Adapting an in-person acceptance and commitment therapy-based psychological intervention for fear of cancer recurrence into a digital format: a real-world evaluation during the COVID-19 pandemic.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study examining determinants of essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic in regional referral hospitals across Uganda.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- COVID-19 and domiciliary care utilisation: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.Journal of the economics of ageing · 2025Article
- End-of-life dementia care: a qualitative study of the experiences and perceptions of minority ethnic and economically disadvantaged groups.Age and ageing · 2025Article
- The GP's a stranger: an interpretive phenomenological analysis exploring patient experiences of changed access to primary care in the management of long-term conditions.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Evaluating Ocular Healthcare Accessibility and the Severity of Emergencies during Times of Crisis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Social inequalities in medical appointment cancellations and reschedulings at the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in France.European journal of public health · 2024Article
- Disruption of hospital care during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic impacted socioeconomic groups differently: population based study using routine registration data.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Multiple disadvantages: class, social capital, and well-being of ethnic minority groups in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in sociology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAccess to health services and adequate care is influenced by sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic position (SEP) and the burden of comorbidities. Our study aimed to assess whether the COVID-19 pandemic further deepened these already existing health inequalities.
designCross-sectional study.
settingData were collected from five longitudinal age-homogenous British cohorts (born in 2000-2002, 1989-1990, 1970, 1958 and 1946).
participantsA web survey was sent to the cohorts. Anybody who responded to the survey was included, resulting in 14 891 eligible participants. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURED: The survey provided data on cancelled surgical or medical appointments, and the number of care hours received in a week during the first UK COVID-19 national lockdown.
interventionsUsing binary or ordered logistic regression, we evaluated whether these outcomes differed by sex, ethnicity, SEP and having a chronic illness. Adjustment was made for study design, non-response weights, psychological distress, presence of children or adolescents in the household, COVID-19 infection, key worker status, and whether participants had received a shielding letter. Meta-analyses were performed across the cohorts, and meta-regression was used to evaluate the effect of age as a moderator.
resultsWomen (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.55) and those with a chronic illness (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.65 to 2.05) experienced significantly more cancellations during lockdown (all p<0.0001). Ethnic minorities and those with a chronic illness required a higher number of care hours during the lockdown (both OR≈2.00, all p<0.002). SEP was not associated with cancellation or care hours. Age was not independently associated with either outcome in the meta-regression.
conclusionThe UK government's lockdown approach during the COVID-19 pandemic appears to have deepened existing health inequalities, impacting predominantly women, ethnic minorities and those with chronic illnesses. Public health authorities need to implement urgent policies to ensure equitable access to health and care for all in preparation for a fourthwave.
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