SynthesisPloS one2021
Accuracy of frozen section in intraoperative margin assessment for breast-conserving surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Specimen PET-CT Imaging for Intraoperative Margin Assessment in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: The BrIMA Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.JAMA surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Multicenter ex vivo evaluation of an α-mannosidase-targeted fluorescent probe for intraoperative margin assessment in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis for Margin Status in Breast Conserving Therapy: a Retrospective 6-Year Experience at a Tertiary Centre in North East India.Indian journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Photoacoustic imaging: An emerging tool for intraoperative margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery.Photoacoustics · 2026Review
- Article
- Margin Matters: Advances in Intraoperative Margin Assessment for Breast-Conserving Surgery.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Breast cancer Intraoperative Margin Assessment using specimen PET-CT (BIMAP).NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional dynamic optical coherence tomography for breast tumor margin assessment.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Decreased green autofluorescence in cancerous tissues is a potential biomarker for diagnosis of renal cell carcinomas.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intraoperative Frozen Section Biopsy for the Auxiliary Diagnosis of Transmural Intestinal Intermediate T-Cell Canine Lymphoma.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary strategies to reduce radiotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer: surgical and technological innovations.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- The potential of indocyanine green fluorescence detection in surgical cut margin of breast conserving surgery.Gland surgery · 2024Article
- Robust Synthesis of Targeting Glyco-nanoparticles for Surface Enhanced Resonance Raman Based Image-Guided Tumor Surgery.Small science · 2024Article
- A color-based tumor segmentation method for clinical ex vivo breast tissue assessment utilizing a multi-contrast brightfield imaging strategy.Journal of biophotonics · 2024Article
- An intraoperative nomogram for predicting secondary margin positivity in breast conserving surgery utilizing frozen section analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Intraoperative Examination of Retro-Areolar Margin is not Routinely Necessary During Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy for Cancer.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) for intraoperative margin control on surgical specimens in breast conserving surgery.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- The underused potential of breast conserving therapy after neoadjuvant system treatment - Causes and solutions.Breast (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2023Review
- Therapeutic mammoplasty: a "wise" oncoplastic choice-lessons from the largest single-center cohort from Asia.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesIt is well established that tumor-free margin is an important factor for reducing local recurrence and reoperation rates. This systematic review with meta-analysis of frozen section intraoperative margin assessment aims to evaluate the accuracy, and reoperation and survival rates, and to establish its importance in breast-conserving surgery.
methodsA thorough review was conducted in all online publication-databases for the related literature up to March 2020. MeSH terms used: "Breast Cancer", "Segmental Mastectomy" and "Frozen Section". We included the studies that evaluated accuracy of frozen section, reoperation and survival rates. To ensure quality of the included articles, the QUADAS-2 tool (adapted) was employed. The assessment of publication bias by graphical and statistical methods was performed using the funnel plot and the Egger's test. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019125682).
resultsNineteen studies were deemed suitable, with a total of 6,769 cases. The reoperation rate on average was 5.9%. Sensitivity was 0.81, with a Confidence Interval of 0.79-0.83, p = 0.0000, I2 = 95.1%, and specificity was 0.97, with a Confidence Interval of 0.97-0.98, p = 0.0000, I-2 = 90.8%, for 17 studies and 5,615 cases. Accuracy was 0.98. Twelve studies described local recurrence and the highest cumulative recurrence rate in 3 years was 7.5%. The quality of the included studies based on the QUADAS-2 tool showed a low risk of bias. There is no publication bias (p = 0.32) and the funnel plot showed symmetry.
conclusionFrozen section is a reliable procedure with high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in intraoperative margin assessment of breast-conserving surgery. Therefore, this modality of margin assessment could be useful in reducing reoperation rates.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.