Observational studyPloS one2021
Virological failure and antiretroviral resistance among HIV-infected children after five years follow-up in the ANRS 12225-PEDIACAM cohort in Cameroon.
Observational study in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment failure among Sub-Sahara African children living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Children and Implications for Pediatric Treatment Strategies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Cryo-EM Structure of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase withACS infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Global, regional, and national prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveIn the present study, we aimed to evaluate the virological failure (VF) and drug resistance among treated HIV-infected children after five years follow-up in the ANRS-Pediacam cohort in Cameroon.
methodsFrom November 2007 to October 2011, HIV-infected children born to HIV-infected mothers were included in the ANRS-PEDIACAM study and followed-up for more than 5 years. Plasma viral load (VL) was measured at each visit (every three months until month 24 and every 6 months thereafter). VF was the main outcome and HIV drug resistance test was performed using the ANRS procedures and algorithm.
resultsData from 155 children were analyzed. The median age at combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation was 4.2 months (interquartile range (IQR): 3.2-5.8), with 103 (66.5%) children taking LPV/r-containing regimen and 51 (32.9%) children taking NVP. After five years follow-up, 63 (40.6%; CI: 32.9-48.8) children experienced VF. The median duration between cART initiation and VF was 22.1 months (IQR: 11.9-37.1) with a median VL of 4.8 log10 (IQR: 4.0-5.5). Among the 57 children with HIV drug resistance results, 40 (70.2%) had at least one drug resistance mutation. The highest resistance rates (30.4-66.1%) were obtained with Lamivudine; Efavirenz; Nevirapine and Rilpivirine.
conclusionsThese results show high resistance to NNRTI and emphasize the need of VL and resistance tests for optimal follow-up of HIV-infected people especially children.
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