ArticlePloS one2021
On the analysis of mortality risk factors for hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A data-driven study using the major Brazilian database.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 243 citations in OpenAlex.
- Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Association of Obesity With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality: An Updated Systemic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Pyridostigmine reduces mortality of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: A phase 2/3 randomized controlled trial.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Trial
- Risk factors associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: prospective cohort study from the early pandemic phase in Brazil.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- How do structural inequalities influence COVID-19 hospital mortality among traditional peoples and communities? A cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil, 2021-2023.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Hospital readmission rates and factors due to COVID-19 reinfections: a registry-based cohort study in Brazil (2020-2022).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Type I Interferons in SARS-CoV-2 Cutaneous Infection: Is There a Role in Antiviral Defense?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Factors associated with death from COVID-19 in traditional peoples and communities in Brazil.PloS one · 2025Article
- Symptom Severity and Duration of COVID-19 Are Correlated with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) Among Hospitalized Elderly Patients.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Survival of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Hawassa, Ethiopia: a cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the relationship of treatment and vaccination with prognosis in patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Health inequity assessment in Brazil: is EQ-5D-3L sensible enough to detect differences among distinct socioeconomic groups?Health and quality of life outcomes · 2024Article
- Hospitalisations and fatality due to respiratory diseases according to a national database in Brazil: a longitudinal study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2024Article
- Retrospective study of factors associated with the clinical severity of covid-19 in older adults in Minas Gerais: structural equation modeling.Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina · 2024Article
- Medication management of COVID-19 patients during transition to virtual models of care: a qualitative study.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2023Article
- Diabetes related phenotypes and their influence on outcomes of patients with corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Patients' Medication Management during Transition of Care from Hospital to Virtual Care: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Audit.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Body mass index and sex differences for mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a path analysis using a brazilian national database.BMC public health · 2023Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBrazil became the epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic in a brief period of a few months after the first officially registered case. The knowledge of the epidemiological/clinical profile and the risk factors of Brazilian COVID-19 patients can assist in the decision making of physicians in the implementation of early and most appropriate measures for poor prognosis patients. However, these reports are missing. Here we present a comprehensive study that addresses this demand.
methodsThis data-driven study was based on the Brazilian Ministry of Health Database (SIVEP-Gripe) regarding notified cases of hospitalized COVID-19 patients during the period from February 26th to August 10th, 2020. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, comorbidities and other additional information of patients were analyzed.
resultsThe hospitalization rate was higher for male gender (56.56%) and for older age patients of both sexes. Overall, the lethality rate was quite high (41.28%) among hospitalized patients, especially those over 60 years of age. Most prevalent symptoms were cough, dyspnoea, fever, low oxygen saturation and respiratory distress. Cardiac disease, diabetes, obesity, kidney disease, neurological disease, and pneumopathy were the most prevalent comorbidities. A high prevalence of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with cardiac disease (65.7%) and diabetes (53.55%) and with a high lethality rate of around 50% was observed. The intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate was 39.37% and of these 62.4% died. 24.4% of patients required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), with high mortality among them (82.98%). The main mortality risk predictors were older age and IMV requirement. In addition, socioeconomic conditions have been shown to significantly influence the disease outcome, regardless of age and comorbidities.
conclusionOur study provides a comprehensive overview of the hospitalized Brazilian COVID-19 patients profile and the mortality risk factors. The analysis also evidenced that the disease outcome is influenced by multiple factors, as unequally affects different segments of population.
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