ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2021
Planarians (Platyhelminthes)-An Emerging Model Organism for Investigating Innate Immune Mechanisms.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolutionarily conserved peptidoglycan recognition proteins mediate antibacterial immunity in planarians.iScience · 2026Article
- Timing of exposure impacts how organophosphorus pesticides affect the developing brain in the planarian Dugesia japonica.Archives of toxicology · 2026Article
- Conserved innate immunity components limit transgene expression in adult planarians.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Chromatin-derived histone proteins fromFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- An optimized protocol forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Hemolymph microbiota and host immunity of crustaceans and mollusks.The ISME journal · 2025Review
- The role of nucleic acid sensors in antifungal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Article
- cGLRs are a diverse family of pattern recognition receptors in animal innate immunity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Effects of thermal acclimation on the proteome of the planarian Crenobia alpina from an alpine freshwater spring.The Journal of experimental biology · 2022Article
- Non-traditional roles of immune cells in regeneration: an evolutionary perspective.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Culturomics revealed the bacterial constituents of the microbiota of a 10-year-old laboratory culture of planarian species S. mediterranea.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Stem Cells and Innate Immunity in Aquatic Invertebrates: Bridging Two Seemingly Disparate Disciplines for New Discoveries in Biology.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An organism responds to the invading pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, protozoans, and fungi by engaging innate and adaptive immune system, which functions by activating various signal transduction pathways. As invertebrate organisms (such as sponges, worms, cnidarians, molluscs, crustaceans, insects, and echinoderms) are devoid of an adaptive immune system, and their defense mechanisms solely rely on innate immune system components. Investigating the immune response in such organisms helps to elucidate the immune mechanisms that vertebrates have inherited or evolved from invertebrates. Planarians are non-parasitic invertebrates from the phylum Platyhelminthes and are being investigated for several decades for understanding the whole-body regeneration process. However, recent findings have emerged planarians as a useful model for studying innate immunity as they are resistant to a broad spectrum of bacteria. This review intends to highlight the research findings on various antimicrobial resistance genes, signaling pathways involved in innate immune recognition, immune-related memory and immune cells in planarian flatworms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.