ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
Understanding Asthma and Allergies by the Lens of Biodiversity and Epigenetic Changes.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with wheezing in Indigenous children and adolescents: A systematic review of the global literature.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Triggering mechanisms of acute thunderstorm asthma: epithelial barrier disruption and immune dysregulation.Respiratory research · 2026Review
- Early-Life Environmental Determinants of Allergic Conditions in Children with Atopic Heredity: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study from Bulgaria.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fibrotic Disease of the Skin and Lung: Shared Pathways, Environmental Drivers, and Therapeutic Opportunities in a Changing Climate.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Indoor Allergen Interventions in Homes and Schools for Managing Asthma.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Review
- Association of LPCAT1-rs8352 genetic variant with susceptibility and severity of pediatric bronchial asthma: a case-control study.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Intestinal permeability disturbances: causes, diseases and therapy.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Review
- Elucidating allergic reaction mechanisms in response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in adults.Allergy · 2024Article
- The Early Appearance of Asthma and Its Relationship with Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The Relationship between Exposome and Microbiome.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- The Role of Biodiversity in the Development of Asthma and Allergic Sensitization: A State-of-the-Science Review.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Review
- Evaluating the Toxocara cati extract as a therapeutic agent for allergic airway inflammation.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Article
- Radiation-Detoxified Form of Endotoxin Effectively Activates ThInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Effects of Environmental Exposure on Epigenetic Modifications in Allergic Diseases.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Involvement and repair of epithelial barrier dysfunction in allergic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Probiotics in Children with Asthma.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Epithelial barrier hypothesis: Effect of the external exposome on the microbiome and epithelial barriers in allergic disease.Allergy · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Changes Induced by Maternal Factors during Fetal Life: Implication for Type 1 Diabetes.Genes · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to different organisms (bacteria, mold, virus, protozoan, helminths, among others) can induce epigenetic changes affecting the modulation of immune responses and consequently increasing the susceptibility to inflammatory diseases. Epigenomic regulatory features are highly affected during embryonic development and are responsible for the expression or repression of different genes associated with cell development and targeting/conducting immune responses. The well-known, "window of opportunity" that includes maternal and post-natal environmental exposures, which include maternal infections, microbiota, diet, drugs, and pollutant exposures are of fundamental importance to immune modulation and these events are almost always accompanied by epigenetic changes. Recently, it has been shown that these alterations could be involved in both risk and protection of allergic diseases through mechanisms, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, which can enhance Th2 responses and maintain memory Th2 cells or decrease Treg cells differentiation. In addition, epigenetic changes may differ according to the microbial agent involved and may even influence different asthma or allergy phenotypes. In this review, we discuss how exposure to different organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and helminths can lead to epigenetic modulations and how this correlates with allergic diseases considering different genetic backgrounds of several ancestral populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.