ArticleClinical epidemiology2021
Sex Differences of Combined Effects Between Hypertension and General or Central Obesity on Ischemic Stroke in a Middle-Aged and Elderly Population.
Article in Clinical epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio and stroke risk among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Stroke burden in North Africa and the Middle East, 1990-2021: an analysis based on the global burden of disease study.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Comparing the impact of cumulative insulin resistance surrogates exposure on stroke: optimizing prevention strategies.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- An evidence map of clinical practice guideline recommendations and quality of non-pharmaceutical interventions for post-stroke emotional disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- The Impact of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Among UK Women: An Obesity-Adjusted Analysis.ASIDE internal medicine · 2025Article
- Stroke risk in women with atrial fibrillation.European heart journal · 2024Article
- Association of the time course of Chinese visceral adiposity index accumulation with cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension.Lipids in health and disease · 2023Article
- Sex differences in arterial hypertension.European heart journal · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypertension and obesity are recognized as modifiable risk factors for stroke, but their combined effects are unknown. This study aimed to explore the combined effects of hypertension and general or central obesity on the risk of ischemic stroke in a middle-aged and elderly population.
methodsThe data of 11,731 participants (53.5 ± 10.5 years old) were analyzed from the Northeast China Rural Cardiovascular Health Study, 2012-2013. General obesity (GO) was defined by body mass index (BMI); central obesity (CO) was measured by waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHpR).
resultsThe overall prevalence of ischemic stroke was 3.1%. After adjusting for age and sex, the odds ratios for having ischemic stroke were 4.31 (3.14-5.91) among subjects with hypertension, 1.79 (1.40-2.30) with GO, 1.94 (1.54-2.43), 1.98 (1.54-2.53), and 1.65 (1.33-2.06) with CO measured by WC, WHtR and WHpR, respectively. After full adjustment for potential confounders, the combinations of hypertension and obesity indices (including BMI, WC, WHtR and WHpR) were associated with the highest risk of ischemic stroke, especially in women, which were respectively 7.3-fold, 9.3-fold, 9.9-fold and 7.6-fold higher than that of individuals without both conditions.
conclusionOur study results suggest that women with both hypertension and obesity, no matter defined by BMI, WC, WHtR or WHpR, were more likely to have ischemic stroke. A better understanding of the combined effects of these risk factors can help promote primary prevention in susceptible subgroups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.