Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33731747›Full record

Trial reportScientific reports2021

Bacterial metabolites trimethylamine N-oxide and butyrate as surrogates of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with a recent decompensated heart failure.

Anna Mollar, Vannina G Marrachelli, Eduardo Núñez, Daniel Monleon, Vicent Bodí, Juan Sanchis, David Navarro, Julio Núñez

Open access · goldAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  3. Role of Gut Microbiota in Diabetic HFpEF: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Anna MollarCardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Vannina G MarrachelliMetabolomic and Molecular Image Lab, Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
Eduardo NúñezCardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Daniel MonleonMetabolomic and Molecular Image Lab, Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
Vicent BodíCardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Juan SanchisCardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
David NavarroMicrobiology Department. Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.
Julio NúñezCardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, INCLIVA. Universitat de València, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 17, 46010, Valencia, Spain. yulnunez@gmail.com.
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia · ESINCLIVA Health Research Institute · ESUniversitat de València · ESCentro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In patients with heart failure (HF), the exhaled concentrations of hydrogen after a breath test-a non-invasive assessment of small intestinal overgrowth- has been related to HF severity and higher risk of adverse outcomes. Indeed, two intestinal bacterial metabolites-blood Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) and butyrate-have been related to a worse prognosis in HF. However, the relationship between the exhaled concentrations of hydrogen after a breath test and these two metabolites remains unknown. Thus, in this post-hoc analysis, we sought to evaluate whether these two metabolites are associated with the exhaled concentrations of hydrogen after a breath test in patients with a recent admission for HF. We included 60 patients with a recent hospitalization for HF. Cumulative hydrogen over time was integrated into a single measurement by the area under the concentration curve (AUC-H2). A linear regression multivariable analysis was used to evaluate the associations. A 2-sided p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The median (p25-p75) amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, AUC-H2, TMAO, and Butyrate were 4789 pg/ml (1956-11149), 1615 (700-2585), 0.68 (0.42-1.12), and 0.22 ± 13, respectively. After multivariate adjustment, TMAO and butyrate were significantly associated with AUC-H2 (p = 0.027 and p = 0.009, respectively). For TMAO, this association was positive and for butyrate, negative. Bacterial-origin metabolites TMAO and Butyrate were independently related to AUC-H2 in patients with a recent hospitalization for acute HF.

Indexed as

AgedBacteriaBiomarkersBlind Loop SyndromeBreath TestsButyratesFemaleHeart FailureHumansIntestine, SmallMaleMethylaminesBiomarkersButyratesMethylaminestrimethyloxamine

Identifiers

PMID33731747
PMCPMC7969616
OpenAlexW3136119861

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.