ArticleScientific reports2021
Elucidation of the core betalain biosynthesis pathway in Amaranthus tricolor.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in Betalain Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering for Sustainable Natural Pigment Production.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Review
- Searching for Amaranthin-A Multipotential Betacyanin from Natural Sources and In Vitro Cultures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- A gene-based pangenome reveals genomic divergence and altitudinal differentiation in allotetraploid quinoa.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Convergence between light quality and methyl jasmonate signaling in the regulation of betalain biosynthesis.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Review
- Article
- Transcription Factors AsMYB1 and AsMYB3 Regulate Betalain Biosynthesis inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Flower color variations are determined by betalain biosynthetic genes in Portulaca umbraticola.Plant & cell physiology · 2025Article
- Soybean Cyst Nematode-Resistant Protein AATPlant direct · 2025Article
- Review
- Screening of Plant UDP-Glycosyltransferases for Betanin Production in Yeast.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Differential Expression of Amaranth AtrDODA Gene Family Members in Betalain Synthesis and Functional Analysis of AtrDODA1-1 Promoter.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Identification of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Family Based onPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- High-efficiency production of plant-derived pigment dopaxanthin in Escherichia coli by combination engineering.Microbial cell factories · 2024Article
- Optimizing Promoters and Subcellular Localization for Constitutive Transgene Expression in Marchantia polymorpha.Plant & cell physiology · 2024Article
- A simple and efficient method for betalain quantification inFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Identification, expression analysis of quinoa betalain biosynthesis genes and their role in seed germination and cold stress.Plant signaling & behavior · 2023Article
- Beet mosaic virus expression of a betalain transcription factor allows visual virus tracking in Beta vulgaris.Molecular plant pathology · 2023Article
- Effect of betanin synthesis on photosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism in transgenic carrot.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Article
- Betalain biosynthesis in red pulp pitaya is regulated via HuMYB132: a R-R type MYB transcription factor.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Amaranthus tricolor L., a vegetable Amaranthus species, is an economically important crop containing large amounts of betalains. Betalains are natural antioxidants and can be classified into betacyanins and betaxanthins, with red and yellow colors, respectively. A. tricolor cultivars with varying betalain contents, leading to striking red to green coloration, have been commercially produced. However, the molecular differences underlying betalain biosynthesis in various cultivars of A. tricolor remain largely unknown. In this study, A. tricolor cultivars with different colors were chosen for comparative transcriptome analysis. The elevated expression of AmCYP76AD1 in a red-leaf cultivar of A. tricolor was proposed to play a key role in producing red betalain pigments. The functions of AmCYP76AD1, AmDODAα1, AmDODAα2, and AmcDOPA5GT were also characterized through the heterologous engineering of betalain pigments in Nicotiana benthamiana. Moreover, high and low L-DOPA 4,5-dioxygenase activities of AmDODAα1 and AmDODAα2, respectively, were confirmed through in vitro enzymatic assays. Thus, comparative transcriptome analysis combined with functional and enzymatic studies allowed the construction of a core betalain biosynthesis pathway of A. tricolor. These results not only provide novel insights into betalain biosynthesis and evolution in A. tricolor but also provide a basal framework for examining genes related to betalain biosynthesis among different species of Amaranthaceae.
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